Note: This material was scanned into text files for the sole purpose of convenient electronic research. This material is NOT intended as a reproduction of the original volumes. However close the material is to becoming a reproduced work, it should ONLY be regarded as a textual reference. Scanned at Phoenixmasonry by Ralph W. Omholt, PM in May 2007.
LIGHTFOOT'S MANUAL OF THE LODGE
or
Monitorial Instructions in the Three Degrees of
Symbolic Masonry,
Revised and Amended, so as to restore much that had been changed or lost through lapse of time, and to harmonize the language of the Manual with that employed in the Monitorial work of many of the oldest and leading grand jurisdictions of the world, to which is also added, Commentaries on some of the important rites, symbols and allegories of Ancient Craft Masonry.
By
JEWEL P. LIGHTFOOT, Past Grand Master
INTRODUCTORY
"FREE MASONRY," "CRAFT MASONRY," "ANCIENT CRAFT MASONRY," "MASONRY" and "LODGE" are terms indiscriminately employed in designating the institution comprising the Masonic Fraternity as it exists today. These terms, while indicating, in a general way, the same Institution, may be said to possess individual significations.
The word "Masonry" cannot be adequately defined within the limits of a necessarily brief introduction to the work of the Manual of the Lodge. Like the words city, church, democracy, craft and the like, it embraces many elements, divisions, and subjects, each of which is separable, yet all combining to create a coordinated whole.
The word Masonry has been applied to the art of building in stone; also to the whole body of the society of Masons, including the entire complex of their organizations, grand and subordinate, throughout the world. At times, the word is used to signify the peculiar rites and ceremonies used in what we term the Lodge. Again, it may be said to signify, not these, but a certain body of principles and rules of morals, duties and conduct, advocated or taught in the Lodges.
It has also been suggested that the word "Masonry," in addition to the significations already named, and others which cannot be properly specified here, signifies a vast and comprehensive body of Knowledge, teachings, traditions, and principles, concerning the visible universe; the government thereof; order; Providence; nature; man; and their necessities. Also, the relations between natural physical causes, as well as the operations and sublime moral principles and processes of the human mind.
These, with other related and connected subjects, are claimed to constitute a veritable system of science, philosophy and moral enlightenment, taught by a system of symbols and allegories, as well as by precepts and examples inculcated and practiced from remote ages, in the ancient temples of many nations. Such ceremonies and their correlated teachings have sometimes been referred to as the Mysteries of Masonry, with the same signification employed when one speaks of the "Mysteries of the Magi;" the "Mysteries of Osiris;" the "Grecian Mysteries of Eleusis," and other kindred rites, practiced in the temples of initiation through‑out the ancient world.
The meaning of the word Mysteries, as so used, must not be confounded with the idea signified by the word mysterious. The word has an entirely different meaning, and constitutes a system of some kind, designed to be communicated in a particular manner, for the purpose of inculcating the truths of life, of nature, of art, of science, of philosophy, and other subjects.
It has been described by Bromwell, (Restorations of Masonic Geometry and Symbolry," Chap. 11, 23), as "A system of sublime truths, including those of the Natural Universe, as well as of Moral and intellectual science and philosophy, based on the accepted fact of one Almighty, infinite and perfect Deity, called by Masons `The Grand Architect of the Universe' - the perfection and completeness of the order of the Universe - its correspondence with itself throughout; that is, in all its parts and Degrees - the coordination of these last by correspondence, from first to last - xtheir correspondence with the Degrees found in man, in the same order - physical, intellectual and moral - the immortality of the human spirit - a righteous system of Divine Government - the enjoining of the practice of all moral and social virtues and duties by means of lessons embodied in symbolic representations of deep significance, together with apt and wisely ordered discourse, all contained in certain ancient and simple, but sublime, ceremonies, coordinated in Degrees according to the order of the Universe, which is the Divine order." The presence in the modern Masonic system, of many of the emblems, symbols and allegories of the ancient Temples of Initiation, as well as certain rites performed therein, has persuaded the most learned among Masonic scholars to conclude that Masonry is of very ancient origin, and is, in some aspects, the modern successor of, and heir to, the sublime Mysteries of the Temple of Solomon, and of the Temples of India, Chaldea, Egypt, Greece, and Rome, as well as the basic doctrine of the Essenes, Gnostics and other mystic Orders.
The work of Freemasonry is conducted in what is called the Lodge. The word Lodge as used in Masonry has several different significations, as when we speak of "A Lodge," meaning any Lodge; another when we speak of a Lodge being opened or closed when we mean the symbolic Lodge; again when we speak of a particular society of Masons, as when we say "Frank Sexton Lodge, No. 206." There are also three different Lodges, the Entered Apprentice's Lodge; the Fellow‑Craft's Lodge, and the Master‑Mason's Lodge. Yet all three of the Lodges, though separate in their opening and closing, as well as in their respective work, are one. The one contains the three as will be well understood by the skillful craftsman.
In this respect the Lodge is said to conform to the Divine Order in nature and in man. There is an external Lodge and an internal Lodge. The external Lodge refers to the physical Lodge, its building, furnishings and members composing it; corresponding to the physical universe of which it is said to be a symbol, and symbolizes also the First Degree in man represented by his physical body. The Internal Lodge is said to be divided into two parts, the secondary and the primary.
The secondary Degree in Masonry has been compared with the second Degree in man and in nature. In man, it refers to xi his intellectual faculties, and powers; while in nature it alludes to the harmony of laws that regulate and govern the Universe. The primary or third Degree of the Lodge refers to the Moral Degree in man, and to the Divine attributes of the Supreme Divine Intelligence.
Thus the three Degrees in man, physical, intellectual and moral, correspond to the same Divine order in the Universe and are thought to be reflected in the three Degrees of the Lodge, which are yet one, in the sense that the Universe is a unit, though composed of three Grand Divisions, and man is an entity, though possessing three distinct divisions in his being. This correspondence will become more manifest to the initiate as he penetrates the veils of our Mysteries.
The work of the Degrees is imparted through the medium of certain rites, forms and ceremonies, which are designated by the terms, Initiation, Passing, and Raising.
Every candidate for the Mysteries of Masonry, at the proper time and in an appropriate manner, should be taught the truth that the rite of Initiation means much more than a formal ceremonial progress through the Degrees. In fact one may receive the entire work, conferred under the most favorable circumstances, and by competent officers, and yet not perceive the true Masonic light, which the symbols and allegories are designed to conceal, as well as to reveal. Initiation is to be attained only after real labor, deep study, profound meditation, extensive research and a constant practice of those virtues which will open a true path to moral, intellectual, and spiritual illumination.
Masonry does not expound the truths concealed in her emblems. It displays the symbol and may give a hint here and there concerning some characteristic of its several meanings, but it must remain for the Neophite to search out for himself its more hidden significations.
It has always been the essential process by which man rises from a state of nature, to that of civilization, from darkness to light, from slavery to freedom, that he advances as by the steps of a ladder. This is the method provided by the laws of nature, at times retarded and slow in its operation, but certain to lead to glorious heights if persistently pursued, and devoutly followed.
Manual of the Lodge
OPENING AND CLOSING THE LODGE
THE necessity of some preparatory ceremonies, of a more or less formal character, before proceeding to the dispatch of the ordinary business of any association, has always been recognized. The decorum and dignity of the meeting suggest, even in popular assemblies called only for a temporary purpose, that a presiding officer shall, with some formality be inducted into the chair, and then, to use the ordinary phrase, "opens" the meeting with the appointment of his necessary assistants, and with an announcement, in an address to the audience, explanatory of the objects that have called them together.
If secular associations have found it expedient, by the adoption of some preparatory forms, to avoid the appearance of an unseeming abruptness in proceeding to business, it may well be supposed that religious societies have been still more observant of the custom, and that, as their pursuits are more elevated, the ceremonies of their preparation for the object of their meeting should be still more impressive.
In the Ancient Mysteries (those sacred rites which have furnished so many models for Masonic symbolism), the opening ceremonies were of the most solemn character. The sacred herald, in the Ancient Mysteries, commenced the ceremonies of opening the greater initiations by the solemn formula of "Depart hence, ye profane!" to which was added a proclamation which forbade the use of any language which might be deemed of unfavorable augury to the approaching rites.
In like manner a Lodge of Masons is opened with the employment of certain ceremonies in which, that attention may be given to their symbolic as well as practical import, every member present is expected to take part.
These ceremonies, which slightly differ in each of the degrees - but differ so slightly as not to affect their general character - may be considered, in reference to the several purposes which they are designed to effect, to be divided into eight successive steps or parts.
1. The Master having signified his intention to proceed to the labor of the Lodge, every brother is expected to assume the necessary Masonic clothing, and, if an officer, the insignia of his office, and silently and decorously to repair to his appropriate station.
2. The next step in the ceremony is, with the usual precautions, to ascertain the. right of each one to be present. It is scarcely necessary to say that, in the performance of this duty, the officers who are charged with it should allow no one to remain who is not either well known to themselves or properly vouched for by some discreet and experienced brother.
3. Attention is next directed to guarding the external avenues of the Lodge, and the officers, within and without, who are entrusted with the performance of this important duty, are expected to execute it with care and fidelity.
4. By a wise provision, it is no sooner intimated to the Master that he may safely proceed, than he directs his attention to an inquiry into the knowledge possessed by his officers of the duties that they will, respectively, be called upon to perform.
5. Satisfied upon this point, the Master then announces, by formal proclamation, his intention to proceed to business; and, mindful of the peaceful character of our Institution, he strictly forbids all unceremonious conduct whereby the harmony of the Lodge may be impeded, and after this no brother is permitted to leave the Lodge during Lodge hours (that is, from the time of opening to that of closing), without having first obtained the Worshipful Master's permission.
6. Certain mystic rites, which can here only be alluded to, are then employed, by which each brother present signifies his concurrence in the ceremonies which have been celebrated, and his knowledge of the degree in which the Lodge is about to be opened.
7. It is a lesson, which every Mason is taught at one of the earliest points of his initiation, that he should commence no important undertaking without first invoking the blessing of Deity - hence the next step in the progress of the opening ceremonies is to address a prayer to the Supreme Architect of the Universe. This prayer, although offered by the Master, is to be participated in by every brother, and, at its conclusion, the audible response of "So mote it be" should be made by all present.
8. The Lodge is then declared, in the name of God and the Holy Saints John, duly opened.
A Lodge is said to be opened in the name of God and the Holy Saints John as a declaration of the sacred purpose of our meeting; of our profound reverence for that Divine Being whose name and attributes should be the constant theme of our contemplation, and of our respect for those ancient patrons whom the traditions of Masonry have so intimately connected with the history of the Institution.
It is said to be duly opened, to intimate that all that is necessary, appropriate and usual in the ceremonies, and all that the law requires, or that ancient usage renders indispensable, has been observed.
It is said to be opened on, and not in, a certain degree (which latter expression is often incorrectly used), in reference rather to the speculative, than to the legal character, of the meeting; to indicate, not that the members are to be circumscribed in the limits of a particular degree, but that they are met together to unite in contemplation on the symbolic teachings and divine lessons, to inculcate which is the peculiar object of that degree.
It is improper to open either the Entered Apprentice or the Fellow Craft Degree until a Master's Lodge has first been opened and then called off for such purpose.
The ceremony of closing varies but very slightly from that of opening. Of course the first and second steps, which have already been enumerated as proper to be observed when the brethren first assemble, are to be dispensed with when they are about to part, as being under those circumstances entirely unnecessary, and the proclamations and prayers which refer to opening must be varied when they are to be applied to closing, but in other respects the ceremonies are much the same.
* * * * * * * *
PRAYER AT OPENING
Most holy and glorious Lord God, the Great Architect of the Universe; the Giver of all good gifts and graces: Thou hast promised that where two or three or more are gathered together in Thy name, Thou wilt be in `the midst of them. In Thy name, we assemble, most humbly beseeching Thee to bless us in all our undertakings, that we may know and serve Thee aright, and that all our actions may tend to Thy glory and to our advancement in knowledge and virtue; and we beseech Thee, 0 'Lord God, to bless this our present assembling, and to illuminate our minds by the divine precepts of Thy Holy Word, and teach us to walk in the light of Thy countenance; and when the trials of our probationary state are over be admitted into THE TEMPLE "not made with hands, eternal, in the heavens." Amen.
Response: So mote it be.
4 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
ANOTHER PRAYER
Great Architect of the Universe: In Thy name we have assembled, and in Thy name we desire to proceed in all our doings. Grant that the sublime principles of Freemasonry may so subdue every discordant passion within us, so harmonize and enrich our own hearts with Thine own love and goodness, that the Lodge, at this time, may humbly reflect that order and beauty which reign forever before Thy throne. Amen.
Response: So mote it be. ANOTHER Supreme Grand Master of the Universe: We would reverently invoke Thy blessings at this time: Wilt Thou be pleased to grant that this meeting, thus begun in order, may be conducted in peace, and closed in harmony. Amen.
Response : So mote it be.
ORDER OF BUSINESS
1. Reading the Minutes of the Preceding Communication.
2. Receiving and Referring Petitions
3. Reports of Standing Committees
4. Reports of Special Committees
5. Balloting for Candidates and Members
6. Unfinished Business
7. New Business, Resolutions, Etc.
CLOSING PRAYERS 5
AT CLOSING THE FIRST DEGREE
Master: Brethren - Before I declare the Lodge closed, let us, with all reverence and humility, express our gratitude to the Great Architect of the Universe, for the blessings already received.
May He continue to preserve the Order, by cementing and adorning it with every social and moral virtue. Amen.
Response: So mote it be.
AT CLOSING THE SECOND DEGREE
Master: Brethren - Before I declare the Lodge closed, let us humbly invoke the continued blessing of the Grand Geometrician of the Universe on our Fraternity.
Let us remember that wherever we are, and whatever we do, He is with us, that His "All‑Seeing Eye" observes us. While, then, we continue to act in conformity with the principles of the Craft, let us not fail to discharge our duties toward Him with fervency and zeal. Amen.
Response: So mote it be.
AT CLOSING THE THIRD DEGREE
Master: Brethren - Before I declare the Lodge closed, let us unite in humbly acknowledging our dependence on the Most High. May His right hand be as a shield and buckler to us against the assaults of our enemies; and, at the final day, may each and every one of us be raised, through the merits of the Lion of the tribe of Judah, to the celestial Lodge above, where the Supreme Grand Master forever presides - forever reigns. Amen.
Response: So mote it be.
6 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
CHARGE AT CLOSING
Brethren: We are now about to quit this sacred retreat of friendship and virtue, to mix again with the world. Amidst its concerns and employments, forget not the duties you have heard so frequently inculcated and forcibly recommended in this Lodge. Be diligent, prudent, temperate, discreet. Remember that around this altar you have promised to befriend and relieve every brother who shall need your assistance. Remember that you have promised to remind him, in the most tender manner, of his errors, and aid in his reformation. Vindicate his character when wrongfully traduced.
These generous principles are to extend further; every human being has a claim upon your kind offices. "Do good unto all." Remember it more "especially to the household of the FAITHFUL." Finally, brethren, be ye all of one mind; live in peace, and may the God of love and peace delight, to dwell with and bless you. Amen.
Response: So mote it be.
BENEDICTION
May the blessings of heaven rest upon us and all regular Masons. May brotherly love prevail, and every moral and social virtue cement us. Amen.
Response: So mote it be.
Entered Apprentice
PREPARATION OF THE CANDIDATE
When the candidate for initiation shall have entered the preparation room, the Secretary of the Lodge, or some other Officer or member, shall, by direction of the W.'.M.'. repair thither, and may address him as follows:
Mr. _____, somewhat of your motives, in applying for admission into our Ancient and honorable fraternity, we have learned from the declarations contained in your petition, over your signature. It now becomes my duty to recall to your memory some of the more important promises and declarations you have made therein, and each of which, we find, you have answered in the affirmative:
1. You have promised upon your honor, to strictly adhere to and be governed by the Constitution and Laws of the Grand Lodge of _____, and the By‑Laws of this Lodge.
2. You have sincerely declared, upon your honor, that, unbiased by friends and uninfluenced by mercenary motives, you freely and voluntarily offer yourself as a candidate for the Mysteries of Masonry.
3. You have seriously declared, upon your honor, that you are prompted to solicit the privileges of Masonry by a favorable opinion conceived of the institution, a desire for knowledge, and a sincere desire to be of greater service to your fellowmen.
4. You have seriously declared, upon your honor, that you will cheerfully conform to all the ancient established usages and customs of Masonry.
5. You have seriously declared, upon your honor, that you firmly believe in the existence of God; the immortality of the soul; and in the Divine authenticity of the Holy Scriptures.
You are again reminded of these solemn declarations, because they constitute important considerations upon which the Lodge acted, in looking with favor, upon your request to be admitted a member among us.
8 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
In order that you may not be misled as to the character or the purpose of the ceremonies in which you are about to engage, the Lodge addresses to you these preliminary words of advice.
Freemasonry is far removed from all that is trivial, selfish and ungodly. Its ceremonies are by no means of a light or trifling character, but are of profound significance and deep solemnity. They have existed without material changes from remote antiquity. Its structure rests upon the indestructible foundation of the Father‑hood of God, the Brotherhood of Man, and the Immortality of the Soul.
Our ancient and honorable fraternity welcomes to its doors, and admits to its privileges, worthy men of all faiths and creeds who possess the indispensable qualifications. Freemasonry is, in one of its major aspects, a beautiful and profound system of morality, veiled in allegories and illustrated by symbols. Its grand purposes are, to diffuse light; to banish ignorance; to promote peace and happiness among mankind; to relieve distress; to protect the widows and orphans of our brethren; to inculcate a wider knowledge concerning the existence of the Grand Architect of the Universe, and of the arts and sciences connected with His Divine laws. In fine, the design is to make its members wiser, freer, better and consequently happier men.
These purposes are accomplished by means of a series of moral instructions taught, according to ancient usage, by allegories, symbols, types, figures and lectures.
With this brief and general explanation is it still your desire to proceed?
If the candidate answers in the affirmative, then continue:
As a preparation for the mystic rites into which you are about to enter, you will now be asked to divest your
ENTERED APPRENTICE 9
mind and conscience of all mental prejudices and superfluities incident to a material or worldly life; and to re‑member that selfish aims and vanities, if present, are not in keeping with the reverential spirit which a true seeker of Divine Light and Wisdom must manifest when he enters upon the path of true initiation. I will now leave you in the hands of true and trusty brethren, who will attend to your further preparation and see that you proceed as all others have done who have gone this way before.
SECTION 1
The ceremonies as taught in this section not only serve as marks of distinction, but communicate useful and interesting knowledge, when they are thoroughly investigated and understood. It is, of course, impracticable, and inexpedient, in a monitorial work, to give a full explanation of the various symbols and ceremonies of our important rites; but an allusion, even in the most general terms, to the most important ones, in the order in which they occur, will be sufficient to lead the observant and contemplative Mason to make further examination into their more concealed and important import.
10
MANUAL OF THE LODGE11
THE PRAYER USED AT THE INITIATION OF A CANDIDATE
Vouchsafe Thine aid, Almighty Father of the Universe, to this our present convention; and grant that this candidate for Masonry may dedicate and devote his life to Thy service, and become a true and faithful brother among us. Endue him with a competency of Thy divine wisdom that by the secrets of our art he may better be enabled to display the beauties of godliness* to the honor of Thy Holy Name. Amen.
Response: So mote it be.
* * * * * *
The word "godliness" has been reinstated in this prayer for the word "holiness' which was substituted for it by Cross, and was therefore a modern innovation. Preston uses the word as restored. It is said that the prayer at initiation is one of very ancient usage and in its corrected form was used by the "Ancient" or "York Masons," but omitted by the Moderns.
ENTERED APPRENTICE 11
CIRCUMAMBULATION:
The following passage of Scripture will be read during the ceremony, beginning immediately after passing the South on first circuit:
12 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
♪
"Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity:
♪
"It is like the precious ointment upon the head, that ran down upon the beard, even Aaron's beard, that went down to the skirts of his garment:
♪
"As the dew of Hermon, and as the dew that descended upon the mountains of Zion; for there the Lord commanded the blessing, even life for evermore."
* * * * * *
"In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth, and the earth was without form, and void; and darkness was upon the face of the deep, and the Spirit of God moved upon the face of the waters and God said: `Let there be light,' and there was light."
ENTERED APPRENTICE 13
* * * * *
* * * * *
In the course of this section the badge of a Mason is introduced and explained.
* * * * *
* * * 14 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
* * * * *
The Lambskin, or white leather apron, is an emblem of innocence and the badge of a Mason; more ancient than the Golden Fleece or Roman Eagle; more honorable than the Star and Garter, or any other order that could be conferred, at this, or any future period, by king, prince or potentate, or any person, except he be a Mason; and which, I trust, you will wear with equal pleasure to yourself and honor to the Fraternity.
* * * * *
NORTH‑EAST
* * * * *
* * * * * ENTERED APPRENTICE 15
DEMAND
* * * *
* * * *
CHARITY
THE WORKING TOOLS OF AN ENTERED APPRENTICE
* * * *
* * * * * * * * *
This section closes with the moral explanation of the Twenty‑four Inch Gauge and Common Gavel.
THE TWENTY‑FOUR INCH GAUGE Is an instrument made use of by operative Masons to measure and lay out their work. But we, as Free and Accepted Masons, are taught to make use of it for the more noble and glorious purpose of dividing our time. It being divided into twenty‑four equal parts, is emblematical of the twenty‑four hours of the day; which we are taught to divide into three parts, whereby we find a portion for the service of God and a distressed worthy brother; a portion for our usual vocations, and a portion for refreshment and sleep.
16 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
THE COMMON GAVEL
Is an instrument made use of by operative Masons, to break off the rough and superfluous parts of stones, the better to fit them for the builder’s use; but we, as Free and Accepted Masons, are taught to make use of it for the more noble and glorious purpose of divesting our minds and consciences of all the vices and superfluities of life, thereby fitting ourselves as living stones, for that spiritual building, that house not made with hands, eternal in the heavens.
* * * * *
_____
SECTION II
SECTION II
This section rationally accounts for the ceremony of initiating a candidate into our ancient institution, and fully explains the first section. No portion of it can be written, but the following emblems will greatly aid the memory in explaining said section.
The superstructure of the Temple, from a drawing more than 200 years old, by a distinguished Divine and Scientist of England, Arthur Bed ford, M. A. Copied from his "Scripture Chronology."
* * * * *
ENTERED APPRENTICE 19
ENTERED APPRENTICE
SECTION III
This section sets out with the definition of the Lodge, and contains instructions relative to the form, supports, covering, furniture, ornaments, lights and jewels of the Lodge, and how it should be situated and to whom dedicated.
Every lawful assemblage of Masons, duly congregated for work, is "A just and legally constituted Lodge." It is just, that is, regular and orderly, when it contains the requisite number to form a quorum and when the Bible, Square, and Compasses are present. It is legally constituted when it is acting under the authority of a Warrant or Charter, emanating from the Grand Lodge in whose jurisdiction the Lodge is situated, and signed by the grand officers, which authorizes the persons therein named, and their successors to meet as Masons and perform Masonic labor. As no assemblage of Masons is legal without such an instrument, it is not only the privilege, but the duty, of every Mason on his first visit to a strange Lodge, to demand a sight of its Warrant or Charter; nor should any brother sit in a Lodge whose members are unwilling to exhibit the authority on which they act.
Nearly the whole of the third section has been made monitorial. The symbols and allegories of Freemasonry are susceptible of more than one interpretation. An Illustrious Masonic Savant has well said, "He who would become an accomplished Mason must not be content merely to hear, or even to understand, the lectures; he must, aided by them, and they having as it were, marked out the way for him, study, interpret, and develop these symbols for himself."
* * * * *
20
HIGHEST HILLS
LOWEST VALES
21
22
And * * * *
The Lodge has three principal supports, which are Wisdom, Strength, and Beauty; because it is necessary that there should be wisdom to contrive, strength to support, and beauty to adorn, all great and important under‑takings. Of these, the column Wisdom, situated in the East part of the Lodge, is represented by the Worshipful Master, because it is presumed that he has wisdom to devise labor for the craft, and superintend them during the hours thereof. The column of Strength, in the West part of the Lodge, is represented by the Senior Warden, be‑cause it is his duty to strengthen and support the authority of the Master. The column of Beauty is situated in the South part of the Lodge, and is represented by the Junior Warden, because from his position in the South he is the first to observe the meridian sun, which is the beauty and glory of the day; to call the craft from labor to refreshment and to superintend them during the hours thereof; to see that none convert the purposes of refreshment into those of intemperance or excess; and to call them to labor again in due season, that the Worshipful Master may have honor, and they pleasure and profit, 'thereby.
Jacob's Vision
23
THE COVERING OF THE SYMBOLIC LODGE
The covering of the Symbolic Lodge is no less than a clouded canopy, or starry‑decked heavens, where all good Masons hope at last to arrive, by the aid of the theological ladder which Jacob, in his vision, saw ascending from earth to heaven; the three principal rungs of which are denominated Faith, Hope, and Charity; and which admonish us to have faith in God, hope of immortality, and charity to all mankind.
Of these, Charity is the greatest; for Faith may be lost in sight; Hope end in fruition; but Charity extends beyond the grave, through the boundless realms of eternity.
THE FURNITURE OF THE LODGE
is the Holy Bible, Square and Compasses.
* * * * *
* * * * * *
The Holy Bible is dedicated to God, because it is the inestimable gift of God to man:
* * * * *
the Square to the Master, because it is the proper Masonic emblem of his office; and the Compasses to the Craft, because, by due attention to their use, they are taught to circumscribe their desires and keep their passions within due bounds.
24 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
THE ORNAMENTS OF THE LODGE
Are the Mosaic Pavement, the Indented Tessel, and the Blazing Star.
The Mosaic Pavement is a representation of the ground‑floor of King Solomon's Temple; and the Indented Tessel, of that beautiful tessellated border or skirting which surrounded it. The Mosaic Pavement is emblematical of human life checkered with good and evil; the beautiful border which surrounds it is emblematical of those manifold blessings and comforts which surround us, and which we hope to obtain by a faithful reliance on Divine Providence, which is hieroglyphically represented by the Blazing Star in the center.
25
The Lodge has three symbolic lights; one of these is in the East, one in the West, and one in the South. There is no light in the North, because
* * * * * * *
THE JEWELS OF THE LODGE
There are six Jewels belonging to the Lodge, three immovable and three movable. The Immovable Jewels are the Square, Level, and Plumb; the Square teaches morality, the Level equality, and the Plumb rectitude of conduct. They are termed immovable, because they be‑long at fixed stations in the Lodge - the Square in the East, the Level in the West, and the Plumb in the South, and are the jewels of the officers filling those respective stations.
26 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
IMMOVABLE JEWELS
MOVABLE JEWELS
ENTERED APPRENTICE 27
MOVABLE JEWELS
The movable Jewels are the Rough Ashlar, Perfect Ashlar, and the Trestle‑Board.
The Rough Ashlar is a stone as taken from the quarry, in its rude and natural state. The Perfect Ashlar is a stone made ready by the hands of the workmen, to be adjusted by the working‑tools of the Fellow‑Craft. The Trestle‑Board is for the Master workman to draw his designs upon.
By the Rough Ashlar we are reminded of our rude and imperfect state by nature; by the Perfect Ashlar, of that state of perfection at which we hope to arrive by a virtuous education, our own endeavors, and the blessing of God; and, by the Trestle‑Board, we are also reminded that, as the operative workman erects his temporal building agreeably to the rules and designs laid down by the Master on his Trestle‑Board, so should we, as Speculative Masons, endeavor to erect our spiritual building agreeably to the rules and designs laid down by the Supreme Architect of the Universe, in the great books of nature and revelation, which are our spiritual, moral, and Masonic Trestle‑Board.
28 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
THE SITUATION OF THE LODGE
* * * * * * *
The Tabernacle established by Moses in the wilderness which became the model for Solomon's Temple and which together with the Temple, furnished much of the symbolic foundation for Ancient Craft Masonry.
ENTERED APPRENTICE 29
DEDICATION
Our ancient brethren dedicated their Lodges to King Solomon, because he was our first Most Excellent Grand Master; but modern Masons dedicate theirs to St. John the Baptist, and St. John the Evangelist, who were two eminent patrons of Masonry; and since their time, there is represented, in every regular and well‑governed Lodge, a certain Point within a Circle, embordered by two perpendicular parallel lines, representing St. John the Baptist, and St. John the Evangelist; and upon the top rests the Holy Scriptures. The point represents an individual
30 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
brother; the circle is the boundary line, beyond which he is never to suffer his prejudices or passions to betray him.
In going round this circle, we necessarily touch upon these two lines, as well as the Holy Scriptures; and while a Mason keeps himself circumscribed within these due bounds, it is impossible that he should materially err.
The principal tenets of our profession are three: Brotherly Love, Relief and Truth, and are thus explained:
BROTHERLY LOVE
1. By the exercise of brotherly love, we are taught to regard the whole human species as one family - the high and low, the rich and poor; who, as created by one Almighty Parent, and inhabitants of the same planet, are to aid, support and protect each other. On this principle, Masonry unites men of every country, sect, and opinion, and conciliates true friendship among those who might otherwise, have remained at a perpetual distance.
RELIEF
2. To relieve the distressed is a duty incumbent upon all men; but particularly on Masons, who, are linked together by an indissoluble chain of sincere affection. To soothe the un‑ happy, to sympathize with their Wi misfortunes, to compassionate their miseries, and to restore peace to their troubled minds, is the grand aim we have in view. On this basis we form our friendshh' c and establish our connections.
ENTERED APPRENTICE 31
TRUTH
3. Truth is a divine attribute, and the foundation of every virtue. To be good and true, is the first lesson we are taught in Masonry. On this theme we contemplate, and by its dictates endeavor to regulate our conduct.
Hence, while influenced by this principle, hypocrisy and deceit are unknown among us, sincerity and plain dealing distinguish us, and the heart and tongue join in promoting each other's welfare, and rejoicing in each other's prosperity.
THE MANNER OF SERVICE
Our Ancient Brethren served their Masters * * *
THE FOUR CARDINAL VIRTUES,
Temperance, Fortitude, Prudence, and Justice are
* * * * *
in this manner:
Temperance is that due restraint upon our affections and passions which renders the body tame and governable, and frees the mind from the allurements of vice. This virtue should be the constant practice of every Mason, as he is thereby taught to avoid excess, or the contracting of any licentious or vicious habit, the indulgence of which might lead him to disclose
32
some of those valuable secrets which he has promised to conceal and never reveal, and which would consequently subject him to the contempt and detestation of all good Masons.
* * * * *
Fortitude is that noble and steady purpose of the mind, whereby we are enabled to undergo any pain, peril, or danger, when prudentially deemed expedient. This virtue is equally distant from rashness and cowardice; and, like the former, should be deeply impressed upon the mind of every Mason, as a safeguard against any illegal attack that may be made, by force or otherwise, to extort from him any of those valuable secrets with which he has been so solemnly entrusted, and which were emblematically rep‑resented upon his first admission into the Lodge.
* * * * *
Prudence teaches us to regulate our lives and actions agreeably to the dictate of reason, and is that habit by which we wisely judge, and prudentially determine, on all things relative to our present, as well as our future happiness. This virtue should be the peculiar characteristic of every Mason, not only for the government of his conduct while in the Lodge, but also when abroad in the world. It should be particularly attended to in all strange and mixed companies, never to let fall the least sign, token, or word, whereby the secrets of Masonry might be unlawfully obtained.
ENTERED APPRENTICE 33
* * * * *
Justice is that standard, or boundary of right, which enables us to render to every man his just due, without distinction. This virtue is not only consistent with Divine and human laws, but is the very cement and support of civil society; and as justice in a great measure, constitutes the real good man, so should it be the invariable practice of every Mason never to deviate from the minutest principles thereof.
* * * * *
This closes the third section, and finishes the Degree, with the exception of the charge, to which I now invite your attention. Please rise.
CHARGE
My Brother: - As you are now introduced into the first principles of Masonry, I congratulate you on your admission into this ancient and honorable Order; ancient, as having existed from time immemorial; honorable, as tending to make all men so, who are strictly obedient to its teachings and precepts. No institution was ever raised on a better principle or more solid foundation; nor were ever more excellent rules and useful maxims laid down, than are inculcated in every Masonic degree.
There are three great duties which, as a Mason, you are charged to inculcate - to God, your neighbor, and yourself. To God, in never mentioning his name but with that reverential awe, which is due from a creature to his Creator; to implore His aid in all your laudable under‑takings, and to esteem Him as the chief good. To your neighbor, in acting upon the square, doing unto him as you wish he should do unto you; and to yourself, in avoiding
34 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
all irregularity and intemperance, which may impair your faculties, or debase the dignity of your profession. A zealous attachment to these duties will insure public and private esteem.
As a citizen, you are to be a quiet and peaceable subject, true to your government, and just to your country; you are not to countenance disloyalty or rebellion, but patiently submit to legal authority, and conform with cheerfulness to the government of the country in which you live.
In your outward demeanor, be particularly careful to avoid censure or reproach. Let no interest, favor or prejudice, bias your integrity, or influence you to be guilty of a dishonorable action.
Your prompt attendance at our meetings, when at labor in the Entered Apprentice Degree, is earnestly solicited; yet it is not meant that Masonry should interfere with your necessary vocations, for these are, on no account, to be neglected; neither are you to suffer your zeal for the institution to lead you into argument with those who, through ignorance, may ridicule it. At your leisure hours, that you may improve in Masonic knowledge, you are to converse with well informed brethren, who will always be as ready to give, as you will be to receive instruction.
Finally, keep sacred and inviolable the mysteries of the Order, as these are to distinguish you from the rest of the community, and mark your consequence among Masons. If, in the circle of your acquaintance, you find a person desirous of being initiated into Masonry, be particularly attentive not to recommend him unless you are convinced he will conform to the laws, customs and usages of the Order; to the end, that the honor, glory, and reputation of the Institution may be firmly established, and the world at large convinced of its good effects.
FELLOW CRAFT 35
Fellow‑Craft's Degree
Masonry, like all other sciences, is progressive, and can only be acquired by degrees and at intervals. When an Entered Apprentice has served the proper time, and learned properly the Ritual of the first degree, he can, and it is his duty (if he is a good and true Apprentice), to apply through a member of the Lodge for the second, or Fellow‑Craft's Degree.
This application can be made orally, at a stated meeting, but before the applicant can be balloted for, he must be examined in an Entered Apprentice Lodge as to his proficiency in the first degree, and if (after closing the E. A. Lodge, and calling to labor in the Master's Degree), said examination is declared satisfactory, by the vote of the brethren present, the Lodge will proceed to ballot upon said application.
This degree is divided into two sections, the first of which is entirely ceremonial, and the Lecture pertaining to the same is a recapitulation of the ceremonies used on the occasion, and should be well understood by every member of the Lodge, and more especially, by the officers. While it extends the plan of knowledge commenced in the first degree, it comprehends a more extensive system of learning, and inculcates, in our peculiar method, the most important truths of science.
36 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
SECTION I
The first Section accurately elucidates the mode of initiation into this degree.
The Fellow Craft's degree, is particularly devoted to science. The mind of the recipient is fixed, by the nature of its ritual, upon the wonders of nature and of art.
The attention is particularly directed to the liberal arts and sciences, with whose principles the candidate is charged to be‑come familiar, that he may be enabled to occupy with honor to himself, and with profit to his fellow‑creatures, his allotted place in the great structure of human society.
* * * * *
______
RECEPTION
* * * * *
FELLOW CRAFT 37
CIRCUMAMBULATION
The following passages of scripture will be read during the ceremony, beginning immediately after passing the South on second circuit:
38 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
"Thus he shewed me; and behold the Lord stood upon a wall made by a plumb line, with a plumb line in His hand.
"And the Lord said unto me, Amos, what seest thou? And I said, a plumb line. Thus saith the Lord, Behold, I will set a plumb line in the midst of my people Israel.
"I will not again pass by them any more."
* * * * *
* * * * *
FELLOW CRAFT 39
* * * * *
* * * * *
THE WORKING TOOLS OF A FELLOW‑CRAFT
* * * * *
This section closes with the moral explanation of the Plumb, Square and Level.
The Plumb is an instrument made use of by operative Masons to raise perpendiculars, the Square to square their work, and the Level to lay horizontals; but we as Free and Accepted Masons, are taught to make use of them for more noble and glorious purposes; the Plumb admonishes us to walk uprightly in our several stations before God and man, squaring our actions by the Square of Virtue, and remembering that we are traveling upon the Level of Time, to "that undiscovered country, from whose bourne no traveler returns."
40 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
SECTION II
The Terrestrial and Celestial Globes, the Orders of Architecture, the Human Senses, and the Liberal Arts and Sciences are here introduced and explained, and the learned and accomplished Mason may display his talents and skill in their elucidation.
The Second Section * * * * and treats of Masonry under two denominations, Operative and Speculative. It also details some interesting features relative to the Temple of Solomon, and the usages of our Ancient Brethren, in the course of which the mind is drawn to the contemplation of themes of science and philosophy.
OPERATIVE MASONRY
We work in Speculative Masonry, but our ancient brethren wrought in both Operative and Speculative. They worked at the building of King Solomon's Temple, and many other sacred and important edifices.
By Operative Masonry we allude to a proper application of the useful rules of architecture, whence a structure will derive figure, strength and beauty, and whence will result a due proportion, and a just correspondence in all its parts. It furnishes us with dwellings and with convenient shelter from the vicissitudes and inclemencies of the seasons; and while it displays the effects of human wisdom, as well in the choice as in the arrangement of the sundry materials of which an edifice is composed, it demonstrates that a fund of science and industry is implanted in man, for the best, most salutary and beneficent purposes.
FELLOW CRAFT 41
SPECULATIVE MASONRY
By Speculative Masonry we learn to subdue the passions, act upon the square, keep a tongue of good report, maintain secrecy, and practice charity. It is so far inter‑woven with religion as to lay us under obligations to pay that rational homage to the Deity, which at once constitutes our duty and our happiness.
It leads the contemplative to view, with reverence and admiration, the glorious works of creation, and in‑spires him with the most exalted ideas of the perfection of his Divine Creator. In six days God created the heavens and the earth, and rested upon the seventh day; the seventh, therefore, our ancient brethren consecrated as a day of rest from their labors; thereby enjoying frequent opportunities to contemplate the glorious works of the creation, and to adore the Great Creator.
* * * * *
_________
* * * * *
42 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
The symbols of Unity, Peace and Plenty are explained in connection with these pillars.
THE PILLARS OF THE PORCH
The Winding Stairs
FELLOW CRAFT 43
THE GLOBES
* * * * two artificial spherical bodies * * * *, upon the convex surfaces of which were delineated the countries, seas, and various portions of the earth's surface; the face of the heavens, the planetary revolutions, fixed stars, and other particulars.
* * * * *
THE USE OF THE GLOBES
Their principal use, besides serving as maps to distinguish the outward parts of the earth, and the situation of the fixed stars, was to illustrate and explain the phenomena arising from the annual revolution and the diurnal rotation of the earth around its own axis. They are the noblest instruments for improving the mind, and giving it the most distinct idea of any problem or proposition, as well as enabling it to solve the same. Contemplating these bodies, we are inspired with a due reverence for the Deity and his works, and are induced to encourage the studies of Geometry, Astronomy, Geography, and Navigation, and the arts and sciences dependent upon them, through which a more extensive knowledge of the mysteries of nature, and of the laws which govern the universe may be obtained; and by which, throughout many ages, the initiated have been so greatly benefited.
The five orders of Architecture next require attention.
By order in Architecture is meant a system of all the members, proportions and ornaments of columns and pilasters; or, it is a regular arrangement of the projecting parts of a building, which, united with those of a column, form a beautiful, perfect and complete whole.
From the first formation of society, order in architecture may be traced. When the rigor of the seasons first obliged man to contrive shelter from the inclemency of the weather, we learn that they planted trees on end, and
44 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
then laid others across to support a covering. The bands which connected those trees at the top and bottom are said to have given rise to the idea of the base and capital of pillars; and from this simple hint, originally proceeded the more improved art of architecture.
* * * * *
THE FIVE ORDERS OF ARCHITECTURE Are the Tuscan, Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite.
THE TUSCAN
Is the most simple and solid of the five orders. It was invented in Tuscany, whence it derives its name. Its column is seven diameters high, and its capital, base and entablature have but few mouldings. The simplicity of the construction of this column renders it eligible where ornament would be superfluous.
THE DORIC
Which is plain and natural, is the most ancient, and was invented by the Greeks. Its column is eight diameters high, and has seldom any ornaments on base ors capital, except mouldings; though the frieze is distinguished by triglyphs and metopes, and triglyphs compose the ornaments of the frieze. The solid composition of this order gives it preference in structures where strength and noble simplicity are chiefly required.
The Doric is the best proportioned of all the orders. The several parts of which it is composed are founded on the natural position of solid bodies. In its first invention it was more simple than in its present state.
FELLOW CRAFT 45
In after times, when it began to be adorned, it gained the name of Doric; for when it was constructed in its primitive and simple form, the name of Tuscan was conferred on it. Hence the Tuscan precedes the Doric in rank, on account of its resemblance to that pillar in its original state.
THE IONIC
Bears a kind of mean proportion between the more solid and delicate orders.
Its column is nine diameters high; its capital is adorned with volutes, and its cornices have dentils. There are both delicacy and ingenuity displayed in this pillar, the invention of which is attributed to the Ionians, as the famous temple of Diana, at Ephesus, was of this order. It is said to have been formed after the model of an agreeable young woman of elegant shape, dressed in her hair, in contrast to the Doric order, which was formed after that of a strong, robust man.
THE CORINTHIAN
The richest of the five orders, is deemed a masterpiece of art. Its column is ten diameters high, and its capital is adorned with two rows of leaves and eight volutes, which sustain the abacus. The frieze is ornamented with curious devices, the cornice with dentils and modillions. This order is used in stately and superb structures. It was invented at Corinth by Callimachus, who is said to have taken the hint of the capital of this pillar from the following
46 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
remarkable circumstances: Accidentally passing by the tomb of a young child of Patrician blood, he perceived a basket of toys, covered with a tile, placed over an acanthus root, it having been left there by its nurse. As the branches grew up, they compassed the basket, till, arriving at the tile, they met with an obstruction and bent downward. Callimachus, struck with the object, set about imitating the figure; the base of the capital he made to represent the basket; the abacus the tile; and the volutes the bending leaves.
THE COMPOSITE
Is compounded of the other orders, and was contrived by the Romans. Its capital has the two rows of leaves of the Corinthian and the volutes of the Ionic. Its column has the quarter-round, as the Tuscan and Doric order; is ten diameters high, and its cornice has denticles, or simple modillions. This pillar is generally found in buildings where strength, elegance, and beauty are displayed.
OF THE INVENTION OF ORDER IN ARCHITECTURE
The ancient and original orders of Architecture, revered by Masons, are no more than three, the Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian, which were invented by the Greeks. To these the Romans have added two; the Tuscan, which they made plainer than the Doric; and the Composite, which was more ornamental, if not more beautiful, than the Corinthian. The first three orders alone, however, show invention and particular character, and essentially differ from each other: the two others have nothing but what is borrowed, and differ only accidentally: the Tuscan
FELLOW CRAFT 47
is the Doric in its earliest state; and the Composite is the Corinthian enriched with the Ionic. To the Greeks, therefore, and not to the Romans, we are indebted for what is great, judicious and distinct in architecture.
* * * * *
THE FIVE HUMAN SENSES
Are Hearing, Seeing, Feeling, Smelling, and Tasting (and are next in order for explanation):
HEARING
Is that sense by which we distinguish sounds, and are capable of enjoying all the agreeable charms of music. By it, we are enabled to en‑joy the pleasures of society, and reciprocally to communicate to each other our thoughts and intentions, our purposes and desires; and thus our reason is capable of exerting its
48 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
utmost power and energy. The wise and beneficent Author of Nature intended, by the formation of this sense, that we should be social creatures, and receive the greatest and most important part of our knowledge by inter‑course with each other. For these purposes we are endowed with hearing, that, by a proper exertion of our rational powers, our happiness may be complete.
SEEING
Is that sense by which we distinguish objects, and in an instant of time, without change of place or situation, view armies in battle array, figures of the most stately structures and all the agreeable variety displayed in the landscape of Nature. By this sense, we find our way on the pathless ocean, traverse the globe of earth, determine its figure and dimensions, and delineate any region or quarter of it. By it we measure the planetary orbs, and make new discoveries in the sphere of the fixed stars. Nay, more; by it we perceive the tempers and dispositions, the passions and affections of our fellow creatures, when they wish most to conceal them; so that, though the tongue may be taught to lie and dissemble, the countenance would display the hypocrisy to the discerning eye. In fine, the rays of light which minister to this sense are the most astonishing part of the animated creation, and render the eye a peculiar object of admiration. Of all the faculties, sight is the noblest. The structure of the eye, and its appurtenances, evince the admirable contrivance of Nature for performing all its various external and internal motions; while the variety displayed in the eyes of different animals, suited to their several ways of life, clearly demonstrates this organ to be the master‑piece of Nature's work.
FELLOW CRAFT 49
FEELING
Is that sense by which we distinguish the different qualities of bodies, such as heat and cold, hardness and soft‑ ness, roughness and smoothness, figure, solidity, motion and extension; all of which, by means of certain corresponding sensations of touch, are presented to the mind as real external qualities, and the conception or belief of them invariably connected with these corresponding sensations by an original principle of human nature, which far transcends our inquiry. All our knowledge beyond our original perception is obtained by experience. The constancy of nature's laws connects the sign with the signified, and we rely on the continuance of that connection which experience hath discovered.
SMELLING
Is that sense by which we distinguish odors, the various kinds of which convey different im‑ pressions to the mind. Animal and vegetable t,.i _ bodies, and indeed most other bodies, while ex‑ posed to air, continually send forth effluvia of vast subtlety, as well in the state of life and growth, as in the state of fermentation and putrefaction. These effluvia, being drawn into the nostrils along with the air, are the means by which all bodies are smelled. Hence it is evident that there is a manifest appearance of design in the great Creator's having planted the organ of smell in the inside of that canal, through which the air continually passes in respiration.
TASTING
Enables us to make a proper distinction in the choice of our food. The organ of this sense guards the entrance of
50 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
the alimentary canal, as that of smell guards the entrance of the canal for respiration. From the situation of both these organs, it is plain that they are intended by Nature to distinguish wholesome food from that which is nauseous. Everything that enters into the stomach must undergo the scrutiny of tasting; and by it we are capable of discerning the changes which the same body undergoes in the different compositions of art, cookery, chemistry, pharmacy, etc.
Smelling and Tasting are inseparably connected, and it is by the unnatural kind of life men commonly lead in society that these senses are rendered less fit to perform their natural offices. Each of the senses of the body is directly connected with the human mind, and they are the essential instrumentalities through which the immortal spirit contacts the outer world. By anatomical dissection and observation, we become acquainted with the body and its functions; but it is by the anatomy of the mind alone, we discover its powers and principles. To sum up the whole of this transcendent measure of God's bounty to man, we shall add, that memory, imagination, reasoning, moral perception, and all the active powers of the soul, including its senses, present a vast and boundless field for study and investigation, and are peculiar mysteries, known only to nature and nature's God, to Whom we are all indebted for creation, preservation and every blessing we enjoy.
Of the five senses, three are principally revered by Masons, namely: Hearing, Seeing, and Feeling.
* * * * * *
FELLOW CRAFT 51
THE SEVEN LIBERAL ARTS AND SCIENCES
Are Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic, Arithmetic, Geometry, Music and Astronomy. The fifth of these sciences, Geometry, is deemed principally essential in Masonry. (The seven liberal arts and sciences are illustrated in this section as follows):
GRAMMAR
Teaches the proper arrangement of words, according to the idiom or dialect of any particular people, and that excellency of pronunciation which enables us to speak or write a language with accuracy, agreeably to reason and correct usage.
RHETORIC
Teaches us to speak copiously and fluently on any subject, not merely with propriety alone, but with all the advantages of force and elegance, wisely contriving to captivate the hearer by strength of argument and beauty of expression, whether it be to entreat, exhort, admonish or applaud.
LOGIC
Teaches us to guide our reason discretionally in the general knowledge of things, and directs our inquiries after truth. It consists of a regular train of argument, whence we infer, deduce, and conclude, according to certain premises laid down, admitted or granted; and in it are employed the faculties of conceiving, judging, reasoning, and disposing; all of which are naturally led on from one gradation to another, until the point in question is finally determined.
ARITHMETIC
Teaches the powers and properties of numbers, which are variously effected, by letters, tables, figures and instruments. By this art, reasons and demonstrations are
52 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
given for finding out any certain number whose relation or affinity to another is already known or discovered.
GEOMETRY
This science treats of the powers and properties of magnitudes in general, where length, breadth, and thickness are considered, from a point to a line, from a line to a superfices, and from a superfices to a solid.
A point is a dimensionless figure; or an indivisible part of space.
A line is a point continued, and a figure of one capacity, namely, length.
A superfices is a figure of two dimensions, namely, length and breadth.
A solid is a figure of three dimensions, namely, length, breadth and thickness.
THE MORAL ADVANTAGES OF GEOMETRY
By this science, the architect is enabled to construct his plans, and execute his designs; the general to arrange his soldiers; the engineer to mark out ground for encampments; the geographer to give us the dimensions of the world, and all things therein contained; to delineate the extent of the seas, and specify the divisions of empires, kingdoms and provinces; by it, also, the astronomer is enabled to make his observations, and to fix the duration of times and seasons, years and cycles. In fine, geometry is the foundation of architecture, and the root of mathematics.
MUSIC
Teaches us the art of forming concords, so as to compose delightful harmony, by a mathematical and proportional arrangement of acute, grave and mixed sounds. This
FELLOW CRAFT 53
art by a series of experiments, is reduced to a demonstrative science, with respect to tones, and intervals of sound. It inquires into the nature of concords, discords, and enables us to find out the proportion between them by numbers.
ASTRONOMY
Is that divine art, by which we are taught to read the wisdom, strength and beauty of the Almighty Creator in those sacred pages, the celestial hemisphere. Assisted by astronomy, we can observe the motions, measure the distances, comprehend the magnitudes, and calculate the periods and eclipses of the heavenly bodies. By it we learn the use of the globes, the system of the world, and the preliminary laws of nature. While we are employed in the study of this science, we must perceive unparalleled instances of wisdom and goodness, and through the whole creation, trace the glorious Author by His works.
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EMBLEM OF PLENTY
* * * * * * *
* * * * * * *
55
* * * * * * *
56 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
THE MORAL ADVANTAGES OF GEOMETRY
From this theme we proceed to illustrate the moral ad‑vantages of Geometry, a subject on which the following observations may not be unacceptable.
Geometry, the first and noblest of sciences, is the basis on which the superstructure of Freemasonry is erected. By Geometry we may curiously trace nature, through her various windings, to her most concealed recesses. By it we discover the power, wisdom and goodness of the Grand Artificer of the Universe, and view with delight the proportions which connect this vast machine. By it we discover how the planets move in their different orbits, and demonstrate their various revolutions.
By it we account for the return of seasons, and the variety of scenes which each season displays to the discerning eye.
Numberless worlds are around us (all framed by the same Divine Artist), which roll through the vast expanse, and all are conducted by the same unerring laws of nature.
A survey of nature, and the observation of her beautiful proportions, first determined man to imitate the divine plan, and study symmetry and order. This gave rise to Societies, and birth to every useful art. The architect began to design, and the plans which he laid down, being improved by experience and time, have produced works which are the admiration of every age.
The lapse of time, the ruthless hand of ignorance, and the devastations of war, have laid waste and destroyed many valuable monuments of antiquity, on which the utmost exertions of human genius have been employed. Even the Temple of Solomon, so spacious and magnificent, and. constructed by so many celebrated artists, escaped not the unsparing ravages of barbarous force.
FELLOW CRAFT 57
Freemasonry, notwithstanding, has still survived. The attentive ear receives the sound from the instructive tongue, and the sacred mysteries are safely lodged in the repository of faithful breasts.
Tools and implements of architecture, symbols the most expressive! are selected by the Fraternity, to imprint on the memory wise and serious truths; and thus, through a succession of ages, are transmitted, unimpaired, the excellent tenets of our institution.
* * * * * *
* * * * *
______________
* * * * * * *
CORN, WINE AND OIL
* * * * * *
This closes the second section, and finishes the Degree, with the exception of the charge, to which I now invite your attention. Please rise.
CHARGE TO THE CANDIDATE
My Brother:
Being passed to the degree of Fellow‑Craft, permit me, in the name of the brethren, to congratulate you on your preferment. The internal and not the external qualifications of a man are what Masonry regards. As you increase in knowledge you will improve in social intercourse
58 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
It is unnecessary to recapitulate the duties which, as a Fellow‑Craft, you are bound to perform, or to enlarge on the importance of strict adherence to them, as your own experience and examination will convince you of their value.
Our laws and regulations you are strenuously to sup‑port, and be always ready to assist in seeing them duly executed. You are not to palliate or aggravate the offenses of your brethren; but, in the decision of every trespass against our rules you are to judge with candor, admonish with friendship and reprehend with justice.
The study of the liberal arts and sciences, that valuable branch of education which tends so effectually to polish and adorn the mind, is earnestly recommended to your careful consideration; especially the science of Geometry, which is established as the basis of our art.
Geometry, or Masonry (originally synonymous terms), being of a divine and moral nature, is enriched with the most useful knowledge; while it proves the wonderful properties of nature, it demonstrates the more important truths of morality.
Your past behavior, and regular deportment, have merited the honor which we have conferred; and in your present character it is expected that you will conform to the principles of the order, by steadily persevering in the study and practice of every commendable virtue. Such is the nature of your engagement as a Fellow‑Craft, and to these duties you are bound by the most sacred and solemn ties.
MASTER MASON 59
Master Mason
Freemasonry, as before stated, is progressive, and a knowledge of its philosophy and teachings can only be acquired by time, patience, perseverance and close application.
In the first degree, we are taught the duties we owe to God, our neighbor and ourselves.
In the second, we are more thoroughly inducted into the mysteries of moral science and learn to trace the goodness and majesty of the Creator, by minutely analyzing His works.
But the third degree cements the whole, and is calculated to bind men together by mystic ties of fellowship, as in a bond of fraternal affection and brotherly love.
It is among brethren of this degree that the Ancient Land‑marks of the Order are preserved, and it is from them the rulers of the Craft are selected. It is in a Master's Lodge that all business of a legislative character is transacted and all balloting takes place.
The candidate, after serving his proper time as a Fellow‑Craft, orally applies for the Master's degree; and, after being examined in a Fellow‑Craft's Lodge, as to his proficiency, a Master's Lodge is then called to labor (it being a stated meeting), and if the Lodge approves his examination, a ballot is taken upon his application for the third degree; and if elected, and there be no objection, he is prepared for his introduction into the first section of the Master's Degree. The conferring of the degree may be postponed to a subsequent called meeting, if desired.
This Degree is divided into three sections.
SECTION I
* * * * *
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RECEPTION
* * * *
MASTER MASON 61
CIRCUMAMBULATION
The following passages of Scripture will be read during the ceremony beginning immediately after passing the South on first circuit:
"Remember now thy Creator in the days of thy youth, while the evil days come not,
"Nor the years draw nigh, when thou shalt say I have no pleasure in them; while the sun or the light, or the moon, or the stars, be not darkened, nor the clouds return after the rain;
"In the day when the keepers of the house shall tremble, and the strong men shall bow themselves,
"And the grinders cease, because they are few; and those that look out of the windows be darkened, and the doors shall be shut in the streets,
"When the sound of the grinding is low; and he shall rise up at the voice of the bird, and all the daughters of music shall be brought low.
"Also, when they shall be afraid of that which is high, and fears shall be in the way,
II 62 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
"And the almond tree shall flourish, and the grass‑hopper shall be a burden, and desire shall fail;
"Because man goeth to his long home, and the mourners go about the streets; or ever the silver cord be loosed, or the golden bowl be broken, or the pitcher be broken at the fountain, or the wheel broken at the cistern.
"Then shall the dust return to the earth as it was and the spirit shall return unto God who gave it" - Ecclesiastes 12:1‑7.
* * * * *
MASTER MASON 63
* * * * *
THE WORKING TOOLS OF A MASTER MASON
* * * * * *
* * * * *
This section closes with the moral explanation of the Trowel.
The trowel is an instrument made use of by operative Masons to spread the cement which unites a building in one common mass; but we, as Free and Accepted Masons, are taught to make use of it for the more noble and glorious purpose of spreading the cement of brotherly love and affection; that cement which unites us into one sacred band, or society of friends and brothers, among whom no contention should ever exist, but that noble contention, or rather emulation, of who can best work and best agree.
64 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
SECTION II
This section, like the first, is altogether ceremonial and recites a legend of the utmost importance to the Order; and should be well understood by all, and forcibly and impressively illustrated at the raising of every Candidate. The legend of the Third Degree has been considered of so much importance that it has been preserved in the symbolism of every Masonic rite. It embodies the symbolic lesson of life, death and immortality.
No matter what modifications or alterations the general system may have suffered - no matter how much the ingenuity or the imagination of the founders of rites may have perverted or corrupted other symbols, abolishing the old, and substituting new ones - the legend of the Temple Builder has ever been left untouched, to present itself in all the integrity of its ancient mythical form.
* * * * * *
* * * * * *
MASTER MASON 65
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66
67
68 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
MASTER MASON 69
* * * * * *
The following prayer is offered just before the candidate is raised:
PRAYER
Thou, 0 God, knowest our downsitting and our up‑rising, and understandest our thoughts afar off. Shield and defend us from the evil intentions of our enemies, and support us under the trials and afflictions we are des‑tined to endure while traveling through this vale of tears. Man that is born of a woman is of few days and full of trouble. He cometh forth as a flower and is cut down; he fleeth also as a shadow, and continueth not. Seeing his days are determined, the number of his months are with Thee; Thou hast appointed his bounds that he cannot
70 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
pass; turn from him that he may rest till he shall accomplish his day.
For there is hope of a tree, if it be cut down, that it will sprout again, and that the tender branch thereof will not cease. But man dieth and wasteth away; yea, man giveth up the ghost, and where is he? As the waters fail from the sea, and the flood decayeth and drieth up, so man lieth down and riseth not up till the heavens shall be no more. Yet, 0 Lord! have compassion on the children of Thy creation; administer them comfort in time of trouble, and save them with an everlasting salvation! Amen.
Response: So mote it be.
* * * * * *
* * * * * *
MASTER MASON 71
SECTION III
The Third Section furnishes many details in relation to the building of the Temple, and concludes with an explanation of the hieroglyphical emblems of the Degree. Nearly all of this Section is monitorial.
The third section sets out -
* * * * * *
72
* * * * * *
* * * * * *
* * * * * *
(MASTER’S CARPET)
* * * * * *
74 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
75
The three steps usually delineated upon the Master's carpet are emblematical of the three principal stages of human life, namely: Youth, Manhood, and Age.
In Youth, as Entered Apprentices, we ought to occupy our minds in the attainment of useful knowledge; in man‑hood, as Fellow‑Crafts, we should apply our knowledge to the discharge of our duties to God, our neighbor, and ourselves so that, in Age, as Master Masons, we may enjoy the happy reflection consequent upon a well‑spent life, and die in the hope of a glorious immortality.
MASTER MASON 75
THE POT OF INCENSE
Is an emblem of a pure heart, which is always an accept‑able sacrifice to the Deity; and, as this glows with fervent heat, so should our hearts continually glow with gratitude to the great beneficent Author of our existence for the manifold blessings and comforts we enjoy.
THE BEE HIVE
76 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
Is an emblem of industry, and recommends the practice of that virtue to all created beings, from the highest seraph in the heavens to the lowest reptile of the dust. It teaches us that, as we came into the world endowed as rational and intelligent beings, so we should ever be industrious ones; never sitting down contented while our fellow creatures around us are in want, when it is in our power to relieve them, without inconvenience to ourselves.
When we take a survey of nature, we view man in his infancy more helpless and indigent than the brute creation; he lies languishing for days, months and years, totally incapable of providing sustenance for himself, or guarding against the attack of the wild beasts of the field, or sheltering himself from the inclemencies of the weather.
It might have pleased the great Creator of heaven and earth to have made man independent of all other beings; but, as dependence is one of the strongest bonds of society, mankind were made dependent upon each other for protection and security, as they thereby enjoy better opportunities of fulfilling the duties of reciprocal love and friendship. Thus was man formed for social and active life; the noblest part of the work of God; and he that will so demean himself as not to be endeavoring to add to the common stock of knowledge and understanding, may be deemed a drone in the hive of nature, a useless member of society, and unworthy of our protection as Masons
MASTER MASON 77
THE BOOK OF CONSTITUTIONS, GUARDED BY
THE TILER'S SWORD
Reminds us that we should be ever watchful and guarded in our thoughts, words and actions, particularly when be‑fore the enemies of Masonry; ever bearing in remembrance those truly Masonic virtues, silence and circumspection.
THE SWORD POINTING TO A NAKED HEART
Demonstrates that justice will sooner or later overtake us; and although our thoughts, words and actions may be hidden from the eyes of man, yet that
78 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
ALL‑SEEING EYE
Whom the sun, moon and stars obey, and under whose watchful care even comets perform their stupendous revolutions, pervades the inmost recesses of the human heart, and will reward us according to our merits.
MASTER MASON 79
THE ANCHOR AND ARK
Are emblems of a well‑grounded hope, and a well‑spent life. They are emblematical of that divine ark which safely wafts us over this tempestuous sea of troubles, and that anchor which shall safely moor us in a peaceful harbor, where the wicked cease from troubling and the weary shall find rest.
THE FORTY‑SEVENTH PROBLEM OF EUCLID
This was an invention of the ancient philosopher, the Great Pythagoras, who, in his travels through Asia, Africa, and Europe, was initiated in several orders of Priest‑hood, and is said to have been raised to the sublime de‑
80 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
gree of Master Mason. This wise philosopher enriched his mind abundantly in a general knowledge of things, and more especially in Geometry or Masonry. On this subject he drew out many problems and theorems and among the most distinguished he erected this, when, in the joy of his heart, he exclaimed, "Eureka," in the Grecian language, signifying "I have found it:" and upon the discovery of which he is said to have sacrificed a hecatomb. It teaches Masons to be general lovers of the arts and sciences.
THE HOUR GLASS
Is an emblem of human life. Behold! how swiftly and rapidly our lives are drawing to a close. We cannot, without astonishment, behold the little particles, which are contained in this machine, how they pass away almost imperceptibly, and yet, to our surprise, in the short space of an hour, they are all exhausted. Thus wastes man! today he puts forth the tender leaves of hope; tomorrow, blossoms and bears his blushing honors thick upon him; the next day comes a frost, which nips the shoot, and when he thinks his greatness is still aspiring, he falls, like autumn leaves, to enrich our mother earth.
THE SCYTHE
Is an emblem of time, which cuts the brittle thread of life and launches us into eternity. Behold! what havoc the scythe of Time makes among the human race; if, by chance, we should escape the numerous evils incident to childhood and youth, and with health and vigor arrive to the years of manhood ; yet, withal, we must soon be cut down by the all‑devouring scythe of Time, and be gathered into the land where our fathers have gone before us.
MASTER MASON 81
The last class of emblems are not monitorial, and therefore their true interpretation can only be obtained within the tiled recesses of the Lodge. They consist of the Setting Maul, the Spade, the Coffin, and the Sprig of Evergreen. They afford subjects of serious and solemn reflection to the rational and contemplative mind, and thus the lecture closes with cheering promises of a blessed immortality beyond the grave.
THE NINTH, OR LAST CLASS OF EMBLEMS
* * * * * *
* * * * * *
This closes the Third Section, and finishes the Degree, with the exception of the charge, to which I now invite your attention. Please rise.
CHARGE
My Brother: Your zeal for the institution of Masonry, the progress you have made in the knowledge of its mysteries and your conformity to our regulations, have pointed you out as a proper object of our favor and esteem.
You are bound by duty, honor and gratitude, to be faithful to your trust; to support the dignity of your character on every occasion; and to enforce by precept and example, obedience to the tenets of the Order. In the character of a Master Mason, you are authorized to correct the irregularities of your less informed brethren,
82 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
and guard them against a breach of fidelity. To preserve unsullied the reputation of the fraternity must be your constant care.
Universal benevolence, you are always to inculcate; and by the regularity of your own behavior, afford the best example for the conduct of others less informed.
The ancient landmarks of the order, entrusted to your care, you are carefully to preserve; and never suffer them to be infringed, or countenance a deviation from the established usages and customs of the fraternity.
Your virtue, honor and reputation, are concerned in supporting, with dignity, the character you now bear. Let no motive, therefore, make you swerve from your duty, violate your vows, or betray your trust; but be true and faithful, and imitate the example of that celebrated artist you have this evening represented. Thus you will render yourself deserving of the honor which we have conferred, and merit the confidence we have reposed.
ADDRESS TO A BROTHER UPON THE PRESENTATION
OF A LAMBSKIN APRON BY THE LODGE*
My brother, in behalf of this Lodge, I now present to you this white Lambskin Apron. It may be, that in the coming years, upon your brow shall rest the laurel leaves of victory; it may be that, pendant from your breast, may *The proper time to present the apron to the initiate as a gift from the Lodge is at the end of the Master's Degree, after the lecture has been delivered.
MANUAL OF THE LODGE 83
hang jewels fit to grace the diadem of some Eastern potentate.
Aye! more than these, for light, added to coming light, may enable your ambitious feet to tread round after round of the ladder that leads to fame, in our Mystic Order; and even the purple of our fraternity may rest upon your honored shoulders; but never again, from mortal hands; never again, until your enfranchised spirit shall have passed upward and inward, through the pearly gates, can a greater honor be bestowed, or one more emblematical of purity and innocence, than that which has been conferred upon you tonight.
This Apron, the special gift of this Lodge, is yours to wear upon all proper occasions throughout an honorable life, and at your death, is to be placed upon the coffin that contains your lifeless remains and with them shall be laid beneath the silent clods of the valley.
May the pure and spotless surface of this Apron be an ever‑present reminder of that "purity of heart and uprightness of conduct so essentially necessary," thus keeping pure your thoughts, and inspiring nobler deeds and greater achievements! Then, when at last, your weary feet shall have come to the end of life's toilsome journey, and from your nerve‑less grasp, shall drop, forever, the working tools of life, may the record of your life and actions be as pure and spotless as this Apron now is; and when your soul, freed fr^m earth, shall stand naked and alone before the Great White Throne, may it be your portion to hear from Him who sits thereon, the welcome plaudit: "Well done, thou good and faithful servant! Enter thou into the joy of thv Lord!"
84 MASONIC CALENDAR
MASONIC CALENDAR
ANCIENT CRAFT MASONS commence their era with the creation of the world, calling it Anno Lucis (A\L\) "in the year of light."
A\A\S\RITE, same as Ancient Craft, except the Jewish Chronology is used, Anno Mundi (A\M\) "in the year of the world."
ROYAL ARCH MASONS date from the year the second temple was commenced by Zerubbabel, Anno Inventionis (A\L\) "in the year of the discovery."
ROYAL AND SELECT MASTERS date from the year in which the Temple of Solomon was completed, Anno Depositionis (A\Dep\) "in the year of the deposit."
KNIGHTS TEMPLAR commence their era with the organization of their Order, Anno Ordinis (A\O\) "in the year of the Order."
ORDER OF HIGH PRIESTHOOD dates from the year of the Blessing of Abraham by the High Priest Melchizedek, Anno Benefacto (A\Beo\) "in the year of the Blessing."
_____________
RULES FOR COMPUTING CURRENT MASONIC DATES
1. ANCIENT CRAFT - Add 4000 years to the common era. Thus, 1935 and 4000=A\L\5935.
2. A\A\S\RITE - Add 3760 to the common era. Thus, 1935 and 3760=A\M\.5695. After September add another year.
3. ROYAL ARCH - Add 530 to the common era. Thus, 1935 and 530=A\I\2465.
4. ROYAL AND SELECT MASTERS - Add 1000 to the common era. Thus, 1935 and 1000=A\Dep\2935.
5. KNIGHTS TEMPLAR - From the Christian era take 1118. Thus, 1118 from 1935=A\O\817.
6. ORDER OF HIGH PRIESTHOOD - To the Christian era add 1913, the year of the Blessing, B. C. Thus, 1935 and 1913 = A\ Beo\.3848.
CONSTITUTING A LODGE 85
Ancient Ceremonies
CONSTITUTING A NEW LODGE
With the Ceremonies of
Consecration and Dedication
_________
When a new Lodge, created by dispensation, is set to work, the officers shall not be installed, but shall be placed in charge of the Lodge, in accordance with the regulations provided in Articles 253 and 254 of the Constitution and Laws of this Grand Lodge.
When a Lodge is constituted, and set to work under a charter for the first time, the preliminary steps shall be as follows: A special meeting shall be called by the designated Master, on the date fixed by the Grand Master, or his duly authorized representative, and a Master's Lodge is opened by the Grand Master or his proxy. He will ascertain if the Past Master's degree has been conferred upon the master‑designate; as provided, in Article 256 of the Laws of this Grand Lodge, and Edicts thereunder.
The Master's Lodge shall be called from labor to refreshment; and the Grand Master, or his duly authorized representative, shall open a representation of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge.
When the representation of the Grand Lodge has been opened, the Master‑designate will rise and address the Grand Master as follows:
Most Worshipful Grand Master: A number of brethren duly instructed in the mysteries of Masonry, having assembled together at stated periods, for some‑time past, by virtue of a dispensation granted them for that purpose, do now desire to be constituted into a regular Lodge, agreeably to the ancient usages and customs of the fraternity.
Grand Master: Brethren, the Grand Lodge has granted the brethren of this new Lodge a charter, con‑
86 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
firming them in the rights and privileges of a regularly constituted Lodge. I request the Grand Secretary to read it.
After the charter is read, the Grand Master then says: Grand Master: We shall now proceed according to ancient custom and usage, to consecrate and dedicate this Lodge, and constitute the brethren into a regular Lodge.
As a preparation for the ceremony of Consecration and Dedication, a small model of the building, or Lodge room, shall be prepared in advance by a skillful carpenter, and shall be placed on a small table, or pedestal, near the altar, and covered with a white linen cloth, and the proper vessels containing corn (wheat), wine and oil, shall be provided.
The Grand Master, attended by the Grand Officers and the Grand Chaplain, (after calling up the Grand Lodge) form them‑selves in order around the altar and the model of the Lodge, which is then uncovered by the Grand Deacons. The officers of the Grand Lodge all devoutly kneel, when the Grand Master says: Grand Master: Right Worshipful Grand Chaplain, you will lead us in the prayer of Consecration.
Grand Chaplain: Great Architect of the Universe, Maker and Ruler of the world, deign from Thy Celestial Temple, from realms of light and glory, to bless us in all the purposes of our present assembly.
We humbly invoke Thee to give us, at this and all times, wisdom in all our doings, strength of mind in all our difficulties, and beauty of harmony in ale our communications.
Permit us, O Thou Author of light and life, great source of love and happiness, to erect this Lodge, and now solemnly to consecrate it to the honor of Thy glory.
"Glory be to God on high." Response by the Brethren : "As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be! - Amen! So mote it be."
CONSECRATION OF A LODGE 87
The officers will then rise, and the Grand Master will lead three complete circuits, from left to right, around the altar and the representation of the Lodge; upon the completion of which, the public grand honors will be given (without words), by all present. The Grand Master will then stretch forth his hands over the representation of the Lodge, and says: Grand Master: "I now solemnly consecrate this Lodge, to the honor and glory of Jehovah, the Grand Architect of the Universe." The Deputy Grand Master then hands the vessel containing corn, to the Grand Master, who sprinkles the corn upon the representation of the Lodge. The Grand Wardens, in turn, present the vessels containing wine and oil to the Grand Master, who sprinkles the elements of consecration, likewise, upon the Lodge. The Grand Master then causes the officers to again kneel, and says: Grand Master: Right Worshipful Grand Chaplain, you will now lead us in the prayer 1)f Dedication.
Grand Chaplain : Grant, O Lord, our God, that those who are now about to be invested with the government of this Lodge, may be endowed with wisdom to instruct their brethren in all their duties. May brotherly love, relief and truth always prevail among the members of this Lodge; and may this bond of union continue to strengthen the Lodges throughout the world.
Bless all our brethren, wherever dispersed, and grant speedy relief to all who are either oppressed or distressed.
We affectionately commend to Thee all the members of Thy whole family. May they increase in the knowledge of Thee, and the love of each other.
Finally, may we finish all our work here below with Thy approbation, then have our transition from this earthly abode to Thy Heavenly Temple above, there to enjoy light, glory and bliss, ineffable and eternal.
"Glory be to God on High." Response by the Brethren: "As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be! - Amen! So mote it be."
88 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
The brethren rise, and under the leadership of the Grand Master, make three circuits around the altar and the representation of the Lodge; after which, the Grand Master again stretches forth his hands toward the altar and the representation of the Lodge, and says: Grand Master: "To the memory of the Holy Saints John, I solemnly dedicate this Lodge. May every brother revere their characters, and imitate the virtues of these two eminent patrons of Ancient Craft Masonry." "Glory be to God on high." Response by the Brethren : "As it was in the beginning, is now and ever shall be, world without end! - Amen! So mote it be." The public grand honors are again given. An appropriate ode may be sung at this time, if available.
The representation of the Lodge is then recovered, and under the leadership of the Grand Master, one circuit of the altar is made; the Grand Master then strikes the representation of the Lodge one time with his gavel, and says: Grand Master: "In the name of Jehovah, the Grand Architect of the Universe, to Whom be all honor and glory, I do solemnly devote the Hall of this Lodge to Freemasonry." The private Grand Honors are then given once.
Two more circuits are made, when the Grand Master strikes the Lodge twice with his gavel, and says: Grand Master: "In the name of the Holy Saints John, I do solemnly devote this Hall and the members of this Lodge, to the cause of Virtue." The private Grand Honors are then twice given.
The procession then passes around the altar three times, upon the completion of which, the Grand Master strikes the Lodge three times with his gavel, and says:
CONSECRATION OF A LODGE 89
Grand Master : "In the name of the whole Fraternity, I do solemnly devote this Hall, and the members of this Lodge, to the cause of Universal Benevolence." The private Grand Honors are then thrice given.
The Grand Master then seats the Lodge, and the officers resume their stations.
Grand Master: Worshipful Grand Marshal, you will present the officers of the Lodge, for the purpose of installation.
Whereupon, the several officers of the Lodge will be presented, and installed, in accordance with the ceremony set forth on page 120 of the Manual. After the installation of the Master, the other officers will be seated in a row to his right, until the ceremony is completed, and the proclamation of their installation is duly made. If music is provided, an appropriate ode or anthem may be sung, and if desired, an oration may be heard at this time. When concluded, the Grand Master rises and constitutes the Lodge, as follows: Grand Master: "In the name of the Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of _____, I now constitute and form you, my good brethren, into a Lodge of Ancient, Free and Accepted Masons, to be known as Lodge, No. - , A. F. & A. M.
"From henceforth, by virtue of the power and authority in me vested, I empower you to act as a regular Lodge, constituted in conformity to the rites of our Order, and the Charges of our ancient and honorable Fraternity; and may the Grand Architect of the Universe prosper, direct and counsel you in all your doings." The representation of the Grand Lodge shall then be closed, and the new Lodge shall resume labor, after which, the by‑laws of the Lodge may be adopted, if prepared, and any other business authorized by Article 257 of the laws of the Grand Lodge, may be transacted.
The meeting for the purpose of constituting a new Lodge, is a called meeting and no business should be transacted which the laws require to be done at a stated meeting. At the conclusion of the business before the Lodge, it will then be duly closed.
90 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
CEREMONY AT LAYING CORNER‑STONES
Two Tilers with drawn swords; rx Tiler of the oldest Lodge, with a drawn sword; Two Stewards of the oldest Lodge; Master Masons; Stewards; Junior Deacons; Senior Deacons; Secretaries; Treasurers; Past Wardens; Junior Wardens; Senior Wardens; Mark Masters; Past Masters; Royal Arch Masons; Knights Templars; Masters of Lodges; Music; Grand Tiler with drawn sword; Grand Stewards, with white rods; Grand Pursuivant; Members and Delegates of the Grand Lodge in double file; Grand Treasurer and Secretary; District Deputy Grand Masters; A Brother with a golden vessel containing Corn; Two Brethren, with silver vessels, one containing Wine and the other Oil; Principal Architect, with Square, Level, and Plumb; Bible, Square, and Compasses, carried by a Master of a Lodge, supported by two Stewards; Grand Chaplain; The Five Orders; Past Grand Wardens; Past Deputy Grand Masters; Past Grand Masters; Grand Orator; Grand Wardens; At the time appointed, the Grand Lodge is convened at some suitable place, approved by the Grand Master, the brethren appearing in the insignia of the Order, with white gloves and aprons.
The Lodge is then opened in ample form, and the rules for regulating the procession are read by the Grand Secretary. The Lodge is then called from labor in the Lodge room, and placed in charge of the Grand Marshal, and sets out to perform the ceremony of laying the corner‑stone in the following order, viz.: Entered Apprentices; Fellow‑Crafts; LAYING CORNER‑STONES 91 Deputy Grand Master; Master of the oldest Lodge, bearing the Book of Constitutions on a Velvet Cushion; Grand Deacons, with black rods, on a line 7 feet apart;
GRAND MASTER.
The procession having arrived at the proper place, it will halt and open to the right and left, facing inward, and the Grand Master and his officers pass through and take their proper places on the platform prepared for the occasion. An ode is then sung. The Grand Master commands silence, and the ceremonies proceed as follows, viz.: The Grand Master says: "Right Worshipful Grand Senior Warden: The Grand Lodge of _____ having been invited to lay the corner‑stone of this edifice, and having assembled for that purpose, I now order that this, the representation of the Grand Lodge of _____, do now assist me in the performance of this work. This my will and pleasure you will, therefore, proclaim to the Grand Junior Warden, that the brethren and others present may have due notice thereof." The Grand Senior Warden says: "Right Worshipful Grand Junior Warden: It is the order of the Most Worshipful Grand Master that the corner‑stone be now laid with Masonic honors; this you will proclaim to all present, that the occasion may be observed with due order and solemnity." The Grand Junior Warden then says: "The Brethren and all persons present will take notice that the Most Worshipful Grand Master will now proceed to lay this corner‑stone in due Masonic form. You will, therefore, observe the order and decorum be‑coming the important and solemn ceremonies in which we are about to engage."
92 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
The Grand Master then says: "Right Worshipful Grand Treasurer: I now order you to deposit the corn, medals and papers in the place prepared for their reception." The principal Architect then presents the working tools to the Grand Master, who directs the G. Marshal to present them to the Deputy G. Master and Grand Senior and Grand Junior Wardens.
The G. M., D. G. M., and G. Wardens then descend from the platform; the Grand Master with the Trowel, the D. G. Master with the Square, the G. S. Warden with the Level, and the G. J. Warden with the Plumb - the G. M. standing at the East of the stone, his Deputy on his right, the G. S. Warden at the West, and the G. J. Warden at the South side of the stone. The Grand Master spreads the cement, and then directs the Grand Marshal to order the craftsmen to lower the stone by three motions.
The Public Grand Honors are then given (without words).
The Square, Level and Plumb are then applied to the stone by the proper officers.
G. M. - Right Worshipful Deputy Grand Master: What is the proper jewel of your office? A. - The Square.
G. M. - Have you applied the Square to those parts of the stone that should be squared? A. - I have, Most Worshipful Grand Master, and the Craftsmen have done their duty.
G. M. - Right Worshipful Grand Senior Warden: What is the proper jewel of your office? A. - The Level.
G. M. - Have you applied the Level to the stone? A. - I have, Most Worshipful Grand Master, and the Craftsmen have done their duty‑.
LAYING CORNER‑STONES 93
G. M. - Right Worshipful Grand Junior Warden: What is the proper Jewel of your office? A. - The Plumb.
G. M. - Have you applied the Plumb to the several edges of the stone? A. - I have, Most Worshipful Grand Master, and the Craftsmen have done their duty.
G. M. - Having full confidence in your skill in the Royal Art, it remains with me to finish the work.
The Grand Master then gives three knocks upon the stone and says: "I find this foundation‑stone well formed, true and trusty, and may this undertaking be conducted and completed by the Craftsmen, according to the Grand Plan, in Peace, Love, and Harmony." The D. G. M. then receives from the Grand Marshal the vessel containing Corn, and, spreads the corn upon the stone, saying: "May the health of the workmen employed in this undertaking be preserved to them, and the Supreme Grand Architect bless and prosper their labors." Response : So mote it be.
The G. S. Warden then receives from the Grand Marshal the vessel containing wine, and, pours the wine upon the stone, saying: "May plenty be showered down upon the people of this State, and may the blessing of the bounteous Giver of all things attend their philanthropic undertakings." Response: So mote it be.
94 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
The G. J. Warden then receives the vessel containing Oil, and pours the oil upon the stone, saying: "May the Supreme Ruler of the World preserve the people in peace, and vouchsafe to them the enjoyment of every blessing." G. M. - "May the Corn of nourishment, the Wine of refreshment, the Oil of joy, and all the necessaries of life abound among men throughout the world, and may the blessing of Almighty God be upon this undertaking, and may this structure here to be erected be preserved to the latest ages, in order that it may promote the useful purpose for which it is designed." Response : So mote it be.
The Grand Master then presents the implements to the Architect, saying: "To you, Brother Architect, are confided the implements of operative Masonry, with the fullest confidence that, by your skill and taste, a fabric shall arise which shall add new luster to your fame as a Master Builder; may it endure for many ages, a monument of the liberality and benevolence of its founders." Response: So mote it be.
An oration suitable to the occasion is then delivered. An ode is sung and a prayer concludes the ceremonies. Then the Lodge returns, in the same order as above set out, to the place from whence it came, and is closed in due form.
BURIAL SERVICE 95
MASONIC BURIAL SERVICE
The custom of interring the dead with some solemnity is general among all nations - whether savage and ignorant, or civilized and enlightened. The proper discharge of this duty insures respect to the mortal remains of a deceased brother, whatever may have been his failings, and affords an opportunity for the happy recollection of his virtues, giving testimony of the estimation in which they were held. It also serves to remind those who participate in it of their own mortality, and of the importance of being prepared for Death, which must come upon all. The ceremonies observed on such occasions vary in different nations and societies. Those observed by Masons have an ancient origin, and refer to one of the most important traditions of the Order. They are uniform throughout the Masonic World, in some general and essential matters; and, though they differ in details, being subject to regulation by the legislative authority of the Order, they should be uniform in each Grand Lodge jurisdiction, and to that end The Grand Lodge of _____ has approved the two ceremonies set out in this section, either of which may be used by Subordinate Lodges in _____:
RULES
1. No Mason can be interred with the formalities of the Order, or is entitled to join the procession on such occasions, unless he has been advanced to the third degree of Masonry.
2. The Brethren should observe uniformity in dress: black coats, hats and pants are most appropriate. The proper Masonic clothing is white gloves and aprons. Each brother should also wear a sprig of evergreen on the left lapel of his coat, and black crepe around the left arm.
3. The Holy Bible, Square and Compasses should be covered with crepe.
4. The Deacons' and Stewards' Rods should be trimmed, with a black silk knot, or with black ribbon, at the upper end.
5. The Officers of the Lodge wear their jewels trimmed with black crepe or black ribbon.
6. Under no circumstances should dress aprons or sashes be worn.
96 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
7. If the Grand Master, Deputy Grand Master, or either of the Grand Wardens attends any funeral procession, he will preside over and conduct the ceremonies, unless he desires otherwise. His place in the procession is always after the Master of the Lodge officiating. If more than one Grand Officer attends, their place is in the order of their rank, 8. If two or more Lodges attend, the ceremonies will be con‑ducted by the Lodge of which the deceased was a member. In case the deceased is a stranger or sojourner, the Master of the senior Lodge present will preside.
9. The Brethren having assembled at the Lodge Room, a Master Mason's Lodge is opened, and the Worshipful Master states the object of the meeting. The Ante‑Burial Service is then read (the brethren standing) ; if the Master should deem it more appropriate, he may have it read at the church or residence of the deceased, in which event the Lodge should at once be called from labor and placed in charge of the Marshal, and the burial pro‑cession formed.
10. When the Ante‑Burial Service is read at the house of the deceased, the Master will take his station at the head of the coffin (which may be uncovered), the Wardens at the foot, and the brethren around it. If the service be held in a church, the Master, Wardens and brethren will place themselves as above directed, and the service will begin immediately after the close of the religious services.
11. When a religious ceremony is conducted over the remains, either at the house or church, the Lodge shall not take charge, or participate in the ceremonies, until after the duties of the minister have been concluded. After the Lodge takes charge of the remains of the deceased brother, it shall have entire control of the funeral ceremonies and procession until the rites are completed and the body is laid to rest. The active pall‑bearers shall be Master Masons. None but Master Masons must have any part in performing the funeral rites. This includes songs as well as prayers and the Benediction. It is highly improper to ask a minister not a Mason to perform any of these duties, the rites are exclusively Masonic, and no profane shall participate in them.
12. The Lodge or Lodges must march ahead of the hearse. The Lodge in charge of the funeral will march immediately in front of the hearse. Societies composed solely of Masons invited to take part in the procession shall precede the Lodge and act as an escort. Societies and civic organizations not composed entirely of Masons shall follow the family and relatives in the line. The family and relatives shall follow immediately behind the hearse.
13. The Lodge, after being called from labor, should proceed to the place where it is to take charge of the remains, whether at the house, church, funeral home, or cemetery, and there it will wait until the conclusion of any other ceremonies before taking charge of the remains.
BURIAL SERVICE 97
THE ANTE‑BURIAL SERVICE
Master: What man is he that liveth, and shall not see death? Shall he deliver his soul from the hand of the grave? Response: Man walketh in a vain shadow; he heapeth up riches, and cannot tell who shall gather them.
Master: When he dieth he shall carry nothing away; his glory shall not descend after him.
Response: Naked he came into the world, and naked must he return.
The Master here takes in his hand a copy of the roll, which should be carefully prepared by the Secretary before the service begins, and says: Master : Let us live and die like the righteous, that our end may be like His! Response: God is our God forever and ever; He will be our guide even unto death! The Master then deposits the roll in the archives of the Lodge, or hands it to the Secretary, to deposit, and says: Master: Almighty Father! in Thy hands we leave with humble submission the soul of our deceased brother.
The brethren then give the Public Grand Honors three times with the following words:* "The will of God is accomplished ! Amen. So mote it be." *(The brethren give the public grand honors at funerals three times, as follows:) 1. Cross the arms over the breast by a graceful, easy movement, the right arm over the left, and all repeat in unison: "The will of God is accomplished." 2. Then strike the palms of the hands gently together over the head, looking upward, and say: "Amen." 3. Then strike the palms of the hands gently over the thighs, bending forward and looking down, as if into the grave, and all repeat: "So mote it be."
98 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
When this service is read at the house of the deceased, the coffin being closed, the following, or some other suitable psalm or hymn, may be sung: FUNERAL DIRGE 90 PSALM, L. M.
Vtamp,'L.111 .. 1 Thro' ev' ‑ ry age, e ‑ ter ‑ nal God, ‑merlon room ..7..^m^ ‑Qrs. n owl s'L.^.Im lime arm ^ 1 /1\I^.=1L~MM. _WNW./ ~~ - r II WI/OW ~.tiAlIlIEJ ~_, im^g Thou art our rest, our safe a ‑bode; =4^.òr‑ ‑I ~~~i1Aòis ‑ate Aril~1 4___‑‑_‑ / High was thy throne ere heav'n was made, ' , fit/IIIII.^/l/l.1 4 Or earth thy hum‑ble foot‑stool laid.
i╗/^N^~~‑IMPME71111‑1 I^ l:.ar‑‑..taw.no arms Long hadst Thou reigned ere time began, Or dust was fashioned into man; And long Thy kingdom shall endure, When earth and time shall be no more.
BURIAL SERVICE 99
But man, weak man, is born to die, Made up of guilt and vanity; Thy dreadful sentence, Lord, was just, "Return, ye sinners, to your dust." Death, like an overflowing stream, Sweeps us away; our life's a dream; An empty tale; a morning flower, Cut down and wither'd in an hour.
The Master or Chaplain will then offer one of the following prayers:
PRAYER
"O Almighty and Eternal God! There is no number of Thy days or of Thy mercies. Thou hast sent us into this world to serve Thee, but we wander far from Thee in the path of error. Our life is but a span in length, and yet tedious, because of the calamities that enclose us on every side. The days of our pilgrimage are few and evil, our bodies frail, our passions violent and distempered, our understandings weak, and our wills perverse. Look Thou upon us, our Father, in mercy and pity. We adore Thy majesty, and trust like little children to Thine infinite mercies. Give us patience to live well, and firmness to resist evil. Give us, O Merciful Father, faith and confidence in Thee, and enable us so to live, that, when we come to die, we may lie down in the grave like one who composes himself to sleep, and that we may be worthy hereafter to be remembered in the memories of man. Bless us, 0 God! Bless our beloved Fraternity throughout the world; may we live and emulate the example of our beloved brother; and, finally, may we in this world attain a knowledge of Thy truth, and in the world to come, life everlasting. Amen." Response. So mote it be.
100 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
Or this:
PRAYER
"Most glorious God! author of all good and giver of all mercy! pour down Thy blessings upon us, and strengthen our solemn engagements with the ties of sincere affection! May the present instance of mortality remind us of our approaching fate, and draw our attention toward Thee, the only refuge in time of need! that, when the awful moment shall arrive, that we are about to quit this transitory scene, the enlivening prospect of Thy mercy may dispel the gloom of death; and after our departure hence in peace, and in Thy favor, may we be received into Thine everlasting kingdom, to enjoy, in union with the souls of our departed friends, the just reward of a pious and virtuous life. Amen." Response: So mote it be.
Should this service have been conducted in the Lodge Room, the Lodge is now called from labor, and placed in charge of the Marshal, to repair in procession to the house of the deceased, or wherever his body may be, to accompany it to the place of interment. If the service has been held at the house or church, the proces on will be reformed for this purpose. During the marching of tin procession the strictest silence should be observed. While the procession is moving it is under the control of the Marshal (subject to the direction of the Worshipful Master), and he should be promptly obeyed. The General Rules in regard to processions prescribed by the Grand Lodge, so far as they are applicable to burials, must be observed.
The following is the order for burial processions of a subordinate Lodge. The procession immediately precedes the hearse:
ORDER OF PROCESSION AT A BURIAL
Tiler with drawn sword; Stewards with white rods; Musicians, if they are Masons (otherwise they precede the Tiler); ,.a Master Masons; Senior and Junior Deacons; Secretary and Treasurer; Senior and Junior Wardens; Past Masters of Chartered Lodges; The Holy Writings, on a cushion covered with black cloth, carried by the oldest member of the Lodge; Two Deacons with black rods, supporting the Master, slightly in advance and on each side of him; The Master; The body, with the insignia placed upon the coffin.
BURIAL SERVICE 101
After the procession is formed, the brethren should not leave the ranks, but keep their proper places. When it arrives at the place of interment, the members of the Lodge form a circle around the grave, the officers of the Lodge taking their stations at the head, and the family and other mourners at the foot, and the burial service proceeds as follows: BURIAL SERVICE To be conducted by the Worshipful Master, or officer officiating as Master: "Brethren : Here we view another instance of the uncertainty of life, and the vanity of all human pursuits. The last offices paid to the dead are useful as lectures to the living. From them we are to derive instruction, and we should consider every solemnity of this kind as a summons to prepare for our approaching dissolution.
"Notwithstanding the various mementos of mortality with which we daily meet; notwithstanding death has established its empire over all the works of nature; yet through some unaccountable infatuation we forget that we are born to die; we go on from one design to another, add hope to hope, and lay out plans for the employment of many years, till we are suddenly alarmed at the approach of Death when we least expect it, and at an hour which we probably conclude to be the meridian of our existence.
"What are all the externals of majesty, the pride of wealth, or charms of beauty, when nature has paid her last, just debt? Fix your eyes on the last scene, and view life stripped of its ornaments, and exposed in its natural poverty; you will then be convinced of the futility of these empty delusions. In the grave, all fallacies are detected, all ranks are leveled, and all distinctions are done away.
"While we drop the sympathetic tear over the grave of our deceased Brother, let charity incline us to throw a veil over his foibles, whatever they may have been, and not withhold from his memory the praise that his virtues
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may have claimed. Suffer the infirmities of human nature to plead in his behalf. Perfection on earth has never been attained; the wisest, as well as the best of men, have erred.
"Let the present example excite our most serious thoughts, and strengthen our resolutions of amendment. As life is uncertain, and all earthly pursuits are vain, let us no longer postpone the all‑important concern of pre‑paring for Eternity, but embrace the happy moment, while time and opportunity offer, to provide against the great change, when all the pleasures of this world shall cease to delight, and the reflections of a virtuous and holy life yield the only comfort and consolation. Thus our expectations will not be frustrated, nor we hurried, unprepared, into the presence of an allwise and powerful Judge, to Whom the secrets of all hearts are known.
"Let us, then, while in this state of existence, sup‑port with propriety the character of our profession as Masons, advert to the nature of our solemn ties, and pursue with assiduity the sacred tenets of our Order. Then, with becoming reverence, let us supplicate the Divine Grace, to insure the favor of that Eternal Being, Whose goodness and power know no bounds; that, when the awful moment shall arrive, be it soon or late, we may be enabled to prosecute our journey without dread or apprehension, to that distant country, from whose bourne no traveler returns." The following invocations are then made: Master: May we be true and faithful; and may we live and die in love! Response: So mote it be.
Master: May we profess what is good, and always act agreeably to our profession! Response: So mote it be!
BURIAL SERVICE 103
Master: May the Lord bless and prosper us; and may all our good intentions be crowned with success! Response: So mote it be! Master: May all the influences of our brother for good, that do survive him, be continually expanded and increased, to bless his fellowmen; and may our Father Who is in heaven, in His wisdom, counteract all those that tend to evil! Response: So mote it be! Master: Glory be to God in the highest! on earth, peace! and good will toward men! Response: So mote it be, now, from henceforth and forever more! The coffin is then lowered into the grave: The apron is taken from the coffin and handed to the Master. The MASTER, holding it in his hand, says: "This white apron (or lambskin) is an emblem of innocence and the badge of a Mason; more ancient than the Golden Fleece or Roman Eagle; more honorable than the Star and Garter, when worthily worn." The Master drops the apron into the grave, and continues: "This emblem I now deposit in the grave of our deceased brother. By it we are reminded of the universal dominion of death. The arm of friendship cannot oppose the King of Terrors, nor the charms of innocence elude his grasp. This grave, that coffin, this circle of mourning friends, remind us that we, too, are mortal; soon shall our bodies moulder into dust. Then how important for us that we should know that our `Redeemer liveth, and that He shall stand at the latter day upon the earth'." The Master, holding the sprig of evergreen in his hand, continues: "This evergreen, that once marked the temporary resting‑place of the illustrious dead, is an emblem of our
4 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
.ith in the immortality of the soul! By it we are reinded that we have an immortal part within us which call survive the grave, and which shall never, never, !ver die. Though like our brother whose remains now before us, we shall soon be clothed in the habiliments Death, and deposited in the silent tomb, yet, through Le mercy of God, we may confidently hope that our souls ill bloom in eternal Spring." The Brethren then move in procession around the grave. The òocession moves in reverse to the usual order, the lift hand is arest to the grave. The Master, and each of the Brethren ccessively, as he reaches the head, will throw in a sprig of 'ergreen.
The evergreen should be thrown in at the head of the grave only.
The procession should pass three times around, but if the tmber of Brethren present be very large, or the situation of the òave render it inconvenient, it will suffice to pass once around. bile the procession is formed around the grave, one of the folwing hymns may be sung, or some other appropriate hymn, with atich the Brethren are familiar:
FUNERAL DIRGE HYMN, C. M.
. L.zoomms ~~ - ~‑‑U Hark! from the tombs a dole ‑ ful sound, - .Q I I ~ ~ =AIM I .
wz..^= __ 1 tII\~i~a ò11E ~OE ò11111111^1U Mine ears at ‑ tend the cry pm 1m wa.‑.rimmarm. '‑ i - a LòV.C;rf IL‑AM BURIAL SERVICE 105 ò1 'AC wr‑‑‑ ./Jl^ rimi. ma= J Ye Iiv ‑ ing men, come view the ground, $ ‑ ‑‑ t1_ =Al= WA. 1 ^.~ r ~~ii ~=A= I wi:^n^ Where you must short ‑ ly lie.
JJ tl~‑‑ Princes, this clay must be your bed, In spite of all your towers; The tall, the wise, the reverend head, Must lie as low as ours.
Great God, is this our certain doom? And are we still secure? Still walking downward to the tomb, And yet prepare no more? Grant us the power of quick'ning grace To fit our souls to fly, That when we drop this dying flesh, We'll rise above the sky.
HYMN 8's and 7's Brethren of the Mystic Order, Bound together by a tie, Old, and sacred, and enduring, Come and see a Craftsman die.
Breathe no formal sigh of sorrow, O'er the ashes of the dead! Only plant the priceless symbol, Freshly blooming at his head.
When death's gavel blow shall call us Off from Labor unto Rest: May each Brother find refreshment In the Mansions of the Blest,
106 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
After this the Public Grand Honors are given. (Masters should be very careful to instruct the brethren as to giving these before they leave the Lodge. They should be given together, and with much solemnity, for correct method of executing the movements see page 97.) The Master then takes a spade, and, throwing a small quantity of earth into the grave, says: "The dust shall return to the earth as it was, and the spirit shall return unto God Who gave it." He then hands the spade to the Brother next to him on his left, who throws earth into the grave in a similar manner, repeating the same words. This should be done by every Brother present, unless the number should be great, when it may be done only by the Officers of the Lodge and those Brethren nearest the grave.
The Master then continues, as follows: "From time immemorial, it has been the custom among the Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons, at the request of a brother, to accompany his corpse to the place of interment, and there to deposit his remains with the usual formalities.
"In conformity to this usage, and in the performance of a duty we owe to our deceased brother, whose memory we revere, and whose loss we now deplore, we have assembled in the character of Masons, and to offer up to his memory, before the world, this parting tribute of our affection; thereby demonstrating the sincerity of our past esteem, and our steady attachment to the principles of the Order.
"The great Creator having been pleased, out of His mercy, to remove our brother from the cares and troubles of a transitory existence, to a state of eternal duration, and thereby to weaken the chain by which we are united man to man; may we, who survive him, anticipate our approaching fate, and be more strongly cemented in the ties of union and friendship; that, during the short space allotted to our present existence, we may wisely and usefully employ our time; and, in the reciprocal inter‑course of kind and friendly acts, mutually promote the welfare and happiness of each other.
BURIAL SERVICE 107
"For as much as it has pleased Almighty God, in His wise providence, to take out of this world the soul of our deceased brother, we therefore commit his body to the ground, earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust, looking for the general resurrection at the last day and the life of the world to come, when the earth and the sea shall give up their dead." The Master, or other Brother will then say: "Let us pray:" when the following prayer may be offered: PRAYER "Almighty and most merciful God, in Whom we live, and move, and have our being, and before Whom all men must appear to render an account for the deeds done in the body, we do most earnestly beseech Thee, as we now surround the grave of our fallen brother, to impress deeply upon our minds the solemnities of this day. May we ever remember that `in the midst of life we are in death,' and so live and act our several parts as we will desire to have done when the hour of our departure is at hand.
"And oh! Gracious Father, vouchsafe us, we pray Thee, Thy Divine assistance, to redeem our misspent time; and in the discharge of the duties Thou hast assigned us, in the erection of our moral edifice, may we have wisdom from on high to direct us; strength commensurate with our task to support us; and the beauty of holiness to adorn and render our performances acceptable to Thy sight. And, at last, when our work on earth is done, when the mallet of Death shall call us from our labors, may we obtain a blessing and everlasting rest in that Spiritual House not made with hands, eternal in the Heavens." Amen.
Response: So mote it be!
108 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
The Lord's prayer shall always be said by all the Brethren as follows:
THE LORD'S PRAYER
Our Father, which art in Heaven, Hallowed be Thy name. Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done in earth, as it is in Heaven. Give us this day our daily bread. And forgive us our trespasses, as we forgive those who trespass against us. And lead us not into temptation; but deliver us from evil: For Thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the glory, for ever and ever. Amen.
Response: So mote it be! The Master will pronounce the following:
BENEDICTION
May the blessings of Heaven rest upon us and all regular Masons. May brotherly love prevail, and every moral and social virtue cement us. Amen.
Response: So mote it be! The Grave will be closed, and the procession is then re‑formed and moves to the Lodge Room, where the Lodge is closed in due form.
Masonic Burial Service by NAT M. WASHER, P, G. M.
ADOPTED BY THE M\W\GRAND LODGE OF _____ DECEMBER 3d, 1930 DEDICATION
To the memory of those faithful Craftsmen, whose earthly pilg?image ended, have joined the ranks of the silent majority and now answer the roll call in that everlasting Temple, that house not made with hands, eternal in the Heavens, this Burial Service is fraternally dedicated.
NAT M. WASHER
BURIAL SERVICE 109
The Brethren having assembled at the Lodge Room, a Master Mason's Lodge is opened and the object of the meeting is announced. The Ante‑Burial Service is then read or, if deemed more appropriate, it may be read at the Church or at the residence of the deceased. The Craft is then called from labor and placed in charge of the Marshal to be formed in funeral procession in the following order: Tiler, with drawn sword; Stewards, with white Rods; Master Masons; Senior and Junior Deacons; Secretary and Treasurer; a) Senior and Junior Wardens; Past Masters; The Holy Writings; The Master; (This procession immediately precedes the hearse.)
ANTE‑BURIAL SERVICE
Master: 0 Lord! what is man, that Thou takest knowledge of him; or the son of man, that Thou makest account of him? Man is like unto vanity; his days are as a shadow that passeth away. In the morning he flourisheth and groweth up; in the evening he is cut down and withereth. Thou turnest man to contrition and sayest: Return, ye children of men! 0 that they were wise, that they would consider their latter end ! For when man dieth he shall carry nothing away; his glory shall not descend after him. Mark the perfect man, and behold the upright; for the end of that man is peace. The Lord redeemeth the souls of his servants; and none of them that take refuge in Him shall be desolate.
Master : What man is he that liveth and shall, not see death, that shall deliver his soul from the power of the grave? Response: Seeing his days ale determined; the number of his months is with Thee.
Master: Lord, make me to know mine end, and the measure of my days, what it is; let me know how short‑lived I am.
110 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
Response: So teach us to number our days that we may get us a heart of wisdom.
Master: How precious is thy loving kindness, 0 God; the children of men take refuge in the shadow of Thy wings.
Response: For with Thee is the fountain of life; in Thy light do we see light.
Master and Brethren together: The Lord is my Shepherd; I shall not want. He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; He leadeth me beside the still, waters; He restoreth my soul; He guideth me in straight paths for His Name's sake. Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil, for Thou art with me; Thy rod and Thy staff, they comfort me. Thou preparest a table before me in the presence of mine enemies; Thou hast anointed my head with oil; my cup runneth over. Surely goodness and mercy shall follow me all the days of my life; and I shall dwell in the house of the Lord forever.
BURIAL SERVICE
When the funeral procession arrives at the place of interment, the Brethren assemble around the grave, the Master at the head, and the Service proceeds as follows:
Brethren : Once again we are standing in the presence of the great Mystery we call Death. In awe and wonderment we submit to its inexorable decree, impotent as we are to solve its purpose or to measure its dominion. Try as we may to pierce it, the impenetrable veil that conceals the future refuses a glimpse of the promised paradise, while to the plaintive cry ;or knowledge of the hidden mysteries that lie across and beyond the fabled river, there comes no answer save the faint echo of our own weak voices as the winds of time waft them back across the abyss that separates us from Eternity.
BURIAL SERVICE 111
The mute lips of the dead are alike unresponsive to our appeals, and thus, though in sadness and sorrow we bow our heads in meek submission to the inevitable decree, yet are we strengthened by faith, buoyed by hope in the firm belief that death liberates but does not annihilate the spirit, that those "we loved long since but lost awhile" have only gone before and that, in the fullness of time as we ourselves pay nature's last just debt, we shall be reunited with them in that Elysium of Peace, that haven of rest in the great beyond, where there is neither pain nor parting. Imbued with these sublime thoughts, we assemble around the grave of our deceased brother today, come as we have in response to the call of fraternal affection, to commit his mortal body to the earth, while to the Great Creator we commend the beautiful spirit that once dwelt therein, but which is now gathered with the faithful in glory everlasting.
In a common sorrow we weep with those of his own beloved household because of the personal loss that has come to them and to us in his passing.
The link is broken alike in home circle as in our own fraternal chain, and though we weld anew the shattered ends that remain, though we tie them securely the one to the other, there be visible signs of a separation, tangible scars that can never be effaced save as Time, the Great Healer, may bring a measure of forgetfulness which, while not eradicating entirely, will serve to dim the mark, to make lighter the burden of a sorr *hat is deep, sincere and abiding.
Contemplating these visitations and perf, solemn ceremonies at their places of inter by one death calls another Craftsman to of the silent majority, it becomes us to7 vanity of human pursuits - to consider anon
112 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
the illusions that beckon us to personal achievements. No mortal was ever satisfied with his accumulation of material wealth, his acquirement of worldly wisdom or his rise to distinguished honor in civic life, though their possession be only temporal and their enjoyment but vanity. Day after day, incessantly, relentlessly, we reach out to grasp the shadow whilst the substance of real human achievement passes us by unsolicited and there‑fore unattained. The passion for power and for pleasure leads us into the pathway of selfishness, in the indulgence of which we forget that we are born to die - that delight ends with the enjoyment - that duties and obligations beckon us to unselfish service in the cause of humanity, and almost unconsciously in the pursuit of personal desire, we stray from the narrow lane of rectitude and wander into the broad and beaten pathway of sin.
It is such moments as these, under the spell of a tragic touch of nature, that we pause for serious reflection, in which and through which there comes a realization of our own unworthiness, a desire for a closer walk with God, a truer sense of fraternity with our brethren and with all mankind, as with upturned faces we supplicate the Divine Throne: "So teach us to number our days, That we may apply our hearts unto wisdom." Master: 0 Lord, our strength, be attentive to our supplication.
Response : So mote it be.
Master: May we ever walk humbly before Thee and revere Thy holy name.
Response: So mote it be.
Master: May love for our fellow man always abide in our hearts.
Response : So mote it be.
BURIAL SERVICE 113
Master:
May wisdom guide, strength support and beauty adorn our existence.
Response : So mote it be.
Master : May we remain true and faithful to our every obligation.
Response : So mote it be.
Master: May the good deeds of our departed brother inspire us to emulation.
Response: So mote it be.
Master: May the faults he possessed be no more remembered.
Response: So mote it be.
Master: May the Lord redeem the soul of His servant, for none of them that trust in Him shall be condemned.
Response: So mote it be, now, henceforth and forever.
The coffin is then lowered into the grave. The apron is then taken from the coffin and the Master holding it in his hand, says: The white apron is an emblem of innocence and the badge of a Mason. It is more ancient in point of usage than the later symbols of Knighthood or the decorations conferred by royal decree upon those who may have won the favor of Sovereigns: and when worthily worn it is, too, more honorable than any other that has been or can be bestowed as a mark of peculiar favor or distinction by anyone, be he himself of exalted rank or great power in his own dominion.
The Master here drops the apron into the grave and continues: This apron we deposit in the grave of our brother as a reminder of our unity in service, of the common
114 MANUAL OF THE LODGE
destiny that beckons us hence, of the Masonic spirit of universality that linked us as brothers, and, although barriers of wealth, political power or social prestige may have kept us temporarily apart, Death, the great leveller, brings us at last to one distinction, reduces us to a common grade, makes us to know that, born as we are into one great brotherhood, no circumstance of chance or achievement shall serve to separate us in Eternity.
The Master and Brethren here deposit the sprig of evergreen in the grave after which the Master says: We drop this sprig of evergreen into the grave, not alone because we remember that it once marked the temporary resting place of one illustrious in the annals of Masonry, even as it now recalls to our minds his loyal service to our beloved Order, but because of our belief that within us there is an immortal spirit which shall survive the tomb and which, blooming in everlasting beauty in the garden of our Father and our God, shall never, never. never die.
Thus we may hope that when our earthly tabernacle is vacated and our bodies, clothed in the habiliments of death, are deposited in the tomb, our souls, rising in majesty, like those of our departed brethren, shall blossom in Eternal Spring.
The Public Grand Honors are then given, after which the following or some other appropriate hymn may be sung.
HYMN b 11/i\y òV/rliIlsI. ‑ä - - ‑‑ ~I - 'I 1I 1 h n the a r toil i done, Ime BURIAL SERVICE 115 ~~11^ 1(WWI, M11riI ~ W en the race o lif a run, am, ^rn ,m ò
